Bruchas Robin R, Kent Christopher D, Wilson Hilary D, Domino Karen B
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2011 Sep;18(3):257-67. doi: 10.1007/s10880-011-9233-8.
Awareness during general anesthesia occurs when patients recall events or sensations during their surgeries, although the patients should have been unconscious at the time. Anesthesiologists are cognizant of this phenomenon, but few discussions occur outside the discipline. This narrative review summarizes the patient recollections, psychological sequelae, treatment and follow-up of psychological consequences, as well as incidence and etiology of awareness during general anesthesia. Recalled memories include noises, conversations, images, mental processes, feelings of pain and/or paralysis. Psychological consequences include anxiety, flashbacks, and posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis. Limited discussion for therapeutic treatment after an anesthesia awareness experience exists. The incidence of anesthesia awareness ranges from 0.1 to 0.2% (e.g., 1-2/1000 patients). Increased recognition of awareness during general anesthesia within the psychological/counseling community, with additional research focusing on optimal therapeutic treatment, will improve the care of these patients.
全身麻醉期间的知晓是指患者在手术过程中回忆起事件或感觉，尽管当时患者本应处于无意识状态。麻醉医生了解这种现象，但该学科之外很少对此进行讨论。这篇叙述性综述总结了患者的回忆、心理后遗症、心理后果的治疗与随访，以及全身麻醉期间知晓的发生率和病因。回忆起来的内容包括噪音、对话、图像、心理过程、疼痛和/或麻痹感。心理后果包括焦虑、闪回和创伤后应激障碍诊断。麻醉知晓经历后的治疗方法讨论有限。麻醉知晓的发生率在0.1%至0.2%之间（例如，每1000名患者中有1 - 2例）。心理/咨询界对全身麻醉期间知晓的认识增加，以及更多聚焦于最佳治疗方法的研究，将改善对这些患者的护理。
