Laboratoire de Géologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR CNRS 8538, Paris, France.
Science. 2011 Jun 17;332(6036):1417-21. doi: 10.1126/science.1204132. Epub 2011 Apr 28.
Large earthquakes produce crustal deformation that can be quantified by geodetic measurements, allowing for the determination of the slip distribution on the fault. We used data from Global Positioning System (GPS) networks in Central Chile to infer the static deformation and the kinematics of the 2010 moment magnitude (M(w)) 8.8 Maule megathrust earthquake. From elastic modeling, we found a total rupture length of ~500 kilometers where slip (up to 15 meters) concentrated on two main asperities situated on both sides of the epicenter. We found that rupture reached shallow depths, probably extending up to the trench. Resolvable afterslip occurred in regions of low coseismic slip. The low-frequency hypocenter is relocated 40 kilometers southwest of initial estimates. Rupture propagated bilaterally at about 3.1 kilometers per second, with possible but not fully resolved velocity variations.
大地震会产生地壳变形，可以通过大地测量来量化，从而确定断层上的滑动分布。我们使用智利中部全球定位系统（GPS）网络的数据来推断 2010 年矩震级（Mw）8.8 级马乌莱特大地震的静态变形和运动学。通过弹性建模，我们发现总破裂长度约为 500 公里，滑动（高达 15 米）集中在位于震中两侧的两个主要粗隆上。我们发现破裂到达了浅部，可能延伸到海沟。在震中滑动较小的区域发生了可分辨的余滑。低频震源重新定位到初始估计值西南 40 公里处。破裂以大约每秒 3.1 公里的速度向两侧传播，可能存在但尚未完全解决的速度变化。
