Diallo Fatoumata Binta, Bell Linda, Moutquin Jean-Marie, Garant Marie-Pierre
Département de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Pan Afr Med J. 2009 Apr 3;2:2.
This study examines the effect of exclusive versus non-exclusive breastfeeding on specific infant morbidities from birth to nine months, in Conakry (Guinea).
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,167 mother-infant pairs who visited one of 20 immunization centres in Conakry for vaccination between the 45(th) and 270(th) days of the child's life. Two data sources were used: the infant health book and an orally administered questionnaire completed with the mother. Data analyses included univariate cross-tabulations and multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the effect of breastfeeding on infant morbidity.
Exclusive breastfeeding decreased with the infant's age. At six months of age, the proportion of infants who were exclusively breastfed was only 15.5%. After adjusting for the infant's age, and the interaction between the type of breastfeeding and the infant's age, exclusive breastfeeding significantly protected the infants against many of the studied morbidities (OR: 0.28, CI: 0.15-0.51) and specifically against diarrhoea (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17 - 0.86), respiratory infections (OR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.14 - 0.50), and low growth rate (OR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.02 - 0.46), but not for otitis, urinary infection, or meningitis.
This investigation confirmed the protective effects of exclusive breastfeeding on some specific infant's morbidities during the first nine months of life. The results of this study are of great importance for the development of an information program designed to encourage the exclusive breastfeeding among the mothers of Conakry, Guinea.
本研究在几内亚科纳克里调查了纯母乳喂养与非纯母乳喂养对出生至九个月婴儿特定疾病的影响。
对1167对母婴进行了一项横断面研究，这些母婴在孩子出生后第45天至270天期间前往科纳克里的20个免疫中心之一进行疫苗接种。使用了两个数据源：婴儿健康手册和与母亲一起完成的口头调查问卷。数据分析包括单变量交叉表和多变量逻辑回归模型，以估计母乳喂养对婴儿发病率的影响。
纯母乳喂养率随婴儿年龄增长而下降。在六个月大时，纯母乳喂养的婴儿比例仅为15.5%。在调整了婴儿年龄以及母乳喂养类型与婴儿年龄之间的相互作用后，纯母乳喂养显著保护婴儿免受许多所研究疾病的影响（比值比：0.28，置信区间：0.15 - 0.51），特别是腹泻（比值比：0.38；95%置信区间：0.17 - 0.86）、呼吸道感染（比值比：0.27；95%置信区间：0.14 - 0.50）和低生长率（比值比：0.11；95%置信区间：0.02 - 0.46），但对中耳炎、泌尿系统感染或脑膜炎无效。
本调查证实了纯母乳喂养在婴儿出生后头九个月对某些特定疾病的保护作用。本研究结果对于制定一项旨在鼓励几内亚科纳克里母亲进行纯母乳喂养的宣传计划具有重要意义。
