Cannabinoid Research Institute, GW Pharma, Porton Down Science Park, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UK.
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2011 Sep;10(5):675-85. doi: 10.1517/14740338.2011.575778. Epub 2011 May 4.
There is a growing consensus that cannabis dependence is a substantial and underappreciated problem. The key component responsible for the euphoric effects of cannabis and its dependence potential is δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). THC-containing cannabinoid medicines theoretically pose a risk of abuse and dependence.
In order to evaluate the potential of Sativex to cause cannabis-like psychoactivity, abuse or dependence relevant data from all published papers have been reviewed along with the integrated safety analysis for Sativex use in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients on file at GW Pharmaceuticals.
In clinical trials, intoxication scores have been low and euphoria reported by only 2.2% of patients. Tolerance has not occurred, abrupt withdrawal has not resulted in a formal withdrawal syndrome, and no cases of abuse or diversion have been reported to date. A formal abuse liability study of Sativex in experienced cannabis smokers showed some abuse potential in comparison with placebo at higher doses, but scores were consistently lower than equivalent doses of THC. Evidence to date suggests that abuse or dependence on Sativex is likely to occur in only a very small proportion of recipients.
越来越多的人认为大麻依赖是一个严重但未被充分认识到的问题。大麻产生欣快感及其致瘾潜力的关键成分是 δ-9-四氢大麻酚（THC）。含有 THC 的大麻素类药物理论上存在滥用和依赖的风险。
为了评估 Sativex 引起类似大麻的精神活性、滥用或依赖的潜力，我们对所有已发表的论文中与 Sativex 在多发性硬化症（MS）患者中使用相关的、与滥用或依赖有关的数据进行了综述，这些数据来自 GW 制药公司提交的 Sativex 综合安全性分析。
在临床试验中，陶醉评分一直较低，仅有 2.2%的患者出现欣快感。没有出现耐受性，突然停药也没有导致正式的戒断综合征，迄今为止没有报告滥用或转用的病例。一项对经验丰富的大麻吸食者进行的 Sativex 滥用倾向的正式研究表明，与安慰剂相比，高剂量时存在一定的滥用潜力，但评分始终低于等效剂量的 THC。迄今为止的证据表明，Sativex 的滥用或依赖可能仅发生在极少数接受者中。
