Lapadula D M, Johannsen F, Abou-Donia M B
Duke University Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1990 Jan;14(1):191-8. doi: 10.1016/0272-0590(90)90244-e.
Triallate (S-2,3,3-trichloroallyl diisopropylthiocarbamate) was tested for the potential to produce delayed neurotoxicity. Hens were given single oral doses ranging from 312.5 to 2500 mg/kg of triallate, 750 mg/kg tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP), or empty gelatin capsules on Days 1 and 21 and were killed on Day 42. In a second experiment, animals were administered daily oral doses of 25-300 mg/kg triallate or 10 mg/kg TOCP for 90 days. In a third experiment, animals were given single oral doses of 2500 mg/kg triallate, 750 mg/kg TOCP, or empty gelatin capsules and killed after 24 hr. Delayed neurotoxicity was observed only in TOCP-treated animals. Animals given daily doses of 300 mg/kg triallate became moribund after 30 days; however, histological examination revealed no lesions characteristic of organophosphorus-induced delayed neurotoxicity. Neurotoxic esterase was not significantly altered in triallate-treated animals while it was 95% inhibited in TOCP-treated animals. Plasma butyrylcholinesterase increased significantly 24 hr after treatment with triallate in a dose-dependent manner. In summary, triallate, a thiocarbamate, did not produce neurotoxicity which has been previously reported for some dithiocarbamates.
三氯烯灵（S-2,3,3-三氯烯丙基二异丙基硫代氨基甲酸盐）被测试了产生延迟性神经毒性的可能性。在第1天和第21天，给母鸡单次口服剂量范围为312.5至2500毫克/千克的三氯烯灵、750毫克/千克的磷酸三邻甲苯酯（TOCP）或空明胶胶囊，并在第42天处死。在第二个实验中，动物连续90天每日口服25-300毫克/千克的三氯烯灵或10毫克/千克的TOCP。在第三个实验中，给动物单次口服2500毫克/千克的三氯烯灵、750毫克/千克的TOCP或空明胶胶囊，并在24小时后处死。仅在TOCP处理的动物中观察到延迟性神经毒性。每日给予300毫克/千克三氯烯灵的动物在30天后濒死；然而，组织学检查未发现有机磷诱导的延迟性神经毒性的特征性病变。三氯烯灵处理的动物中神经毒性酯酶没有明显改变，而TOCP处理的动物中该酶被抑制了95%。用三氯烯灵处理24小时后，血浆丁酰胆碱酯酶以剂量依赖的方式显著增加。总之，硫代氨基甲酸盐类的三氯烯灵未产生先前报道的某些二硫代氨基甲酸盐类所具有的神经毒性。
