Departments of Surgery and Psychology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
Restor Neurol Neurosci. 1995 Jan 1;9(2):65-75. doi: 10.3233/RNN-1995-9201.
This study examined the effects of (D)-amphetamine, methoxamine (an al-adrenergic receptor agonist), and prazosin (an al-adrenergic receptor antagonist) on the behavioral outcome of lateral fluid percussion brain injury. Rats trained to perform a beam walking task were subjected to brain injury of moderate severity (2.1-2.2 atm). At 10 min after injury, rats were treated with amphetamine, methoxamine or prazosin at two different dose levels. Amphetamine-treated animals displayed significantly lower impairment in beam walking ability from days 1 to 5 after brain injury. Neither methoxamine nor prazosin significantly affected the impairment in beam walking ability from day 1 to day 7 after injury. However, prazosin treatment at both dose levels increased the post-injury mortality and the incidences of failure to recovery from hemiplegia. Amphetamine-treatment at 4 mg/kg, but not at 2 mg/kg, improved the spatial learning abilities of the injured animals. Neither methoxamine nor prazosin affected the spatial learning abilities. These results indicate that amphetamine facilitated beam walking recovery and improved cognitive function after concussive fluid percussion injury. Although the methoxamine experiments suggest that the norepinephrine-α1-adrenergic receptor system may not be involved in the pathophysiology of fluid percussion brain injury, our results with amphetamine (beneficial effects) and prazosin (deleterious effects) and the results observed in other models of brain injury point out that further investigations are necessary to understand the role of a1-adrenergic receptors in brain injury.
这项研究考察了（D）-安非他命、甲氧胺（一种α-肾上腺素能受体激动剂）和哌唑嗪（一种α-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂）对侧脑液压击伤行为结果的影响。训练大鼠进行横梁行走任务，使其遭受中度严重程度的脑损伤（2.1-2.2 大气压）。在损伤后 10 分钟，大鼠用安非他命、甲氧胺或哌唑嗪以两种不同剂量水平治疗。与损伤后第 1 天至第 5 天相比，安非他命治疗的动物在横梁行走能力方面的损伤明显降低。甲氧胺和哌唑嗪均未显著影响损伤后第 1 天至第 7 天的横梁行走能力损伤。然而，哌唑嗪在两个剂量水平的治疗均增加了损伤后的死亡率和偏瘫康复失败的发生率。安非他命治疗（4mg/kg），但不是 2mg/kg，改善了受伤动物的空间学习能力。甲氧胺和哌唑嗪均未影响空间学习能力。这些结果表明，安非他命促进了脑液压击伤后横梁行走的恢复和认知功能的改善。尽管甲氧胺实验表明去甲肾上腺素-α1-肾上腺素能受体系统可能不参与液压脑损伤的病理生理学，但我们的安非他命（有益作用）和哌唑嗪（有害作用）的结果以及在其他脑损伤模型中观察到的结果表明，需要进一步研究来了解α1-肾上腺素能受体在脑损伤中的作用。
