Grupo de Catálisis y Procesos de Separación, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2011 Nov;18(9):1518-26. doi: 10.1007/s11356-011-0504-6. Epub 2011 May 7.
BACKGROUND, AIM, AND SCOPE: Textile industry produces wastewater which contributes to water pollution since it utilizes a lot of chemicals. Preliminary studies show that the wastewater from textile industries contains grease, wax, surfactant, and dyes. The objective of this study was to determine the treatment efficiency of the nickel catalysts supported on hydrotalcites in three-dye model compounds and two types of wastewater.
Hydrotalcites were employed to prepare supported nickel catalysts by wetness impregnation technique. Metal loadings from 1 to 10 wt% were tested. Catalysts were characterized by several techniques. They were tested in a catalytic wet air oxidation of three dyes and two wastewaters with different origins.
It could be observed that the higher the metal content, the lower the BET area, possibly due to sintering of Ni and the consequent blocking of the pores by the metal. In addition, metallic dispersion was also higher when the metal content was lower. Dye conversion was more than 95% for every catalyst showing no differences with the nickel content. A high degree of dye conversion was achieved. Wet air oxidation (WAO) and catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) processes have been proved to be extremely efficient in TOC removal for wastewaters.
The CWAO process can be used to remove dyes from wastewater. Three different dyes were tested showing satisfactory results in all of them. TOC degradation and dye removal in the presence of the catalyst were effective. Also, the HTNi catalyst is very active for organic matter and toxicity removal in wastewaters.
背景、目的和范围：纺织工业产生的废水会造成水污染，因为它使用了大量的化学物质。初步研究表明，纺织工业的废水中含有油脂、蜡、表面活性剂和染料。本研究的目的是确定负载在水滑石上的镍催化剂在三种染料模型化合物和两种类型废水中的处理效率。
水滑石被用来通过湿法浸渍技术制备负载镍催化剂。测试了金属负载量从 1 到 10wt%。采用多种技术对催化剂进行了表征。它们在三种染料和两种不同来源的废水中的催化湿式空气氧化中进行了测试。
可以观察到，金属含量越高，BET 面积越低，这可能是由于 Ni 的烧结和随后的金属对孔的堵塞。此外，当金属含量较低时，金属分散度也较高。对于每种催化剂，染料转化率均超过 95%，表明与镍含量无关。高程度的染料转化得以实现。湿式空气氧化（WAO）和催化湿式空气氧化（CWAO）工艺已被证明在去除废水中的 TOC 方面非常有效。
CWAO 工艺可用于去除废水中的染料。测试了三种不同的染料，它们在所有染料中都取得了令人满意的结果。在催化剂存在下，TOC 的降解和染料的去除是有效的。此外，HTNi 催化剂对废水中的有机物和毒性去除非常有效。
