de Groot K, Märker-Hermann E
Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum Offenbach GmbH, Starkenburgring 66, Offenbach, Germany.
Internist (Berl). 2011 Jun;52(6):688-96. doi: 10.1007/s00108-010-2769-0.
Patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases often suffer from considerable comorbidities that can arise due to the chronic systemic inflammatory activity of the rheumatic disease itself, disorders of immune defense, or as a result of antirheumatic treatment; they can also occur independently. For example, almost 50% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis already exhibit two further chronic diseases at the time of initial manifestation. With regard to the elevated mortality observed in patients with rheumatism, particularly cardiovascular morbidity and increased predisposition to infections are of note. In addition, this article addresses further important possible concomitant diseases, i.e., osteoporosis and tumor diseases. A ground rule is to identify comorbidities and treat them just as diligently as the underlying rheumatic disease so that the patient with rheumatism should be accompanied by an interdisciplinary team of internists during each phase of the disease. Effective control of the systemic inflammatory activity may serve to reduce the risk of certain cardiovascular and neoplastic comorbidities.
炎症性风湿性疾病患者常常患有相当多的合并症,这些合并症可能源于风湿性疾病本身的慢性全身性炎症活动、免疫防御紊乱,或抗风湿治疗的结果;它们也可能独立出现。例如,几乎50%的类风湿关节炎患者在初次发病时就已患有另外两种慢性疾病。关于风湿性疾病患者中观察到的死亡率升高,尤其值得注意的是心血管疾病发病率和感染易感性增加。此外,本文还讨论了其他重要的可能伴随疾病,即骨质疏松症和肿瘤疾病。一条基本原则是识别合并症并像治疗潜在的风湿性疾病一样认真地治疗它们,以便在疾病的每个阶段,风湿性疾病患者都应由内科医生组成的跨学科团队陪同。有效控制全身性炎症活动可能有助于降低某些心血管和肿瘤合并症的风险。