Master's Program in Education, Secondary Education, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Japan.
Dev Genes Evol. 2011 Jun;221(2):59-68. doi: 10.1007/s00427-011-0358-4. Epub 2011 May 10.
We examined dpp expression patterns in the pulmonate snail Lymnaea stagnalis and analyzed the functions of dpp using the Dpp signal inhibitor dorsomorphin in order to understand developmental mechanisms and evolution of shell formation in gastropods. The dpp gene is expressed in the right half of the circular area around the shell gland at the trochophore stage and at the right-hand side of the mantle at the veliger stage in the dextral snails. Two types of shell malformations were observed when the Dpp signals were inhibited by dorsomorphin. When the embryos were treated with dorsomorphin at the 2-cell and blastula stages before the shell gland is formed, the juvenile shells grew imperfectly and were not mineralized. On the other hand, when treated at the trochophore and veliger stage after the shell gland formation, juvenile shells grew to show a cone-like form rather than a normal coiled form. These results indicated that dpp plays important roles in the formation and coiling of the shell in this gastropod species.
我们研究了肺螺类蜗牛石鳖中的 dpp 表达模式，并使用 Dpp 信号抑制剂 dorsomorphin 分析了 dpp 的功能，以了解腹足类动物贝壳形成的发育机制和进化。在右旋蜗牛中，dpp 基因在担轮幼虫期的贝壳腺周围的圆形区域的右半部分和面盘幼虫期的右外套膜表达。当 Dpp 信号被 dorsomorphin 抑制时，观察到两种类型的贝壳畸形。当胚胎在贝壳腺形成之前的 2 细胞期和囊胚期用 dorsomorphin 处理时，幼年贝壳生长不完全且未矿化。另一方面，当在贝壳腺形成后在担轮幼虫期和面盘幼虫期处理时，幼年贝壳生长呈锥形而不是正常的卷曲形。这些结果表明，dpp 在该腹足类动物种的贝壳形成和卷曲中发挥重要作用。
