Singh P, Tomaszunas S, White E
Acta Trop. 1977 Sep;34(3):257-64.
In 1962, when the smallpox eradication programme was launched in India, there were 3909 reported cases in Rajasthan. Mass vaccination was introduced but had little impact on the incidence of the disease; in 1970, 4074 cases were reported and in 1971, the reported incidence (4821 cases) was the highest in India. Changes in the vaccination technique, the use of a new and potent vaccine and the introduction of a new strategy based on surveillance and containment of outbreaks, rather than mass vaccination, brought good results. By 1972, only 1970 cases were reported and endemic smallpox was eliminated from Rajasthan before the launching of the intensified all-India compaign in July, 1973. In 1974, epidemics were occurring in the neighbouring states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh as well as in Bihar and West Bengal. But in that year, there were only 10 new smallpox outbreaks in Rajasthan, all originating from imported cases. The organization and progress of the eradication campaign and the history of smallpox eradication in Rajasthan are described in this communication.
1962年，印度启动天花根除计划时，拉贾斯坦邦报告了3909例病例。开展了大规模疫苗接种，但对该病的发病率影响甚微；1970年报告了4074例病例，1971年报告的发病率（4821例）在印度是最高的。疫苗接种技术的改变、一种新型强效疫苗的使用以及基于疫情监测和控制而非大规模疫苗接种的新策略的引入，带来了良好效果。到1972年，仅报告了1970例病例，在1973年7月印度强化全国运动启动之前，拉贾斯坦邦的地方性天花就已消除。1974年，毗邻的北方邦、中央邦以及比哈尔邦和西孟加拉邦都在发生疫情。但在那一年，拉贾斯坦邦仅出现10起新的天花疫情，均源自输入病例。本通讯介绍了根除运动的组织和进展情况以及拉贾斯坦邦天花根除的历史。
