["Psychologus nemo, nisi Physiologus"--Johannes Müller and perspectives of médecine philosophique: a discovery from University's Archive].

Taking Johannes Müller's still little examined school education in then French Koblenz at its starting point, this paper argues that Miiller's pre-academic training in the applied sciences as well as in the old languages--which Müller saw as a basic essential for the philosophically educated naturalist--had a profound impact on the scientific-philosophical views he put forward in his Dissertatio inauguralis physiologica sistens commentarios de phoronomia animalium published in 1822. The Dissertatio was influenced, in particular, by the work of Pierre-Jean-Georges Cabanis (1757-1808) and can be read as a physiological application of French Enlightenment sensualist philosophy. It shows that Müller already at early moment took up decisive impulses from revolutionary France. Also, a traditional mistake is shown to have falsified a fundamental aspect of this earliest work already with lasting effect.