Colle I, Wilmer A, Le Moine O, Debruyne R, Delwaide J, Dhondt E, Macken E, Penaloza A, Piessevaux H, Stéphenne X, Van Biervliet S, Laterre P-F
Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2011 Mar;74(1):45-66.
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) remains a common disease affecting 100 to 170 per 100 000 adults per year and causing thereby a significant burden to healthcare resources. Despite the improvements in the management of this disorder, the associated mortality ranges from 5 to 14%. Since the general management of UGIB is not uniform, the main objective of this work is to provide guidelines for the care of adults and children presenting with bleeding caused by gastro-duodenal ulcer or variceal rupture.
In the absence of evidence-based recommendations, these guidelines were proposed after expert opinions reconciliation and graded accordingly. They are based on the published literature up to September 2010 and graded according to the class of evidence.
The current guidelines for the management of UGIB include recommendations for the diagnostic process, general supportive care, pharmacological therapy aiming at bleeding control, specific and endoscopic treatment of acute bleeding and follow-up for both gastro-duodenal ulcers and portal hypertension-induced bleeding.
上消化道出血（UGIB）仍然是一种常见疾病，每年每10万成年人中有100至170人受其影响，从而给医疗资源带来巨大负担。尽管在这种疾病的管理方面有所改进，但其相关死亡率仍在5%至14%之间。由于UGIB的一般管理并不统一，这项工作的主要目的是为患有胃十二指肠溃疡或静脉曲张破裂引起出血的成人和儿童提供护理指南。
在缺乏循证推荐的情况下，这些指南是在专家意见协调后提出并相应分级的。它们基于截至2010年9月的已发表文献，并根据证据类别分级。
当前UGIB管理指南包括诊断过程、一般支持治疗、旨在控制出血的药物治疗、急性出血的特异性和内镜治疗以及胃十二指肠溃疡和门静脉高压引起出血的随访等方面的建议。
