Höpfner Johannes, Klein Christopher, Wilhelm Manfred
Institute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2010 Aug 3;31(15):1337-42. doi: 10.1002/marc.201000058. Epub 2010 May 18.
Desalination of a sodium chloride solution is achieved by the incorporation of salt depleted water into an acrylic acid based hydrogel and the subsequent deswelling of the gel by mechanical force to gain water with a lower salt content. This is a new approach towards the problem of desalination of seawater that has, to the best of our knowledge, not been presented before. In a proof-of-principle experiment the salt content of a 10 g/L NaCl solution could be reduced by 35% in one cycle. The influence of main chemical parameters, e.g. degree of crosslinking, degree of neutralization and experimental parameters like particle size and salt concentration on the desalination process are examined. Possible optimum conditions for the desalination using a poly(acrylic acid) network are discussed and the construction of a simple apparatus for deswelling by mechanical force is described.
通过将低盐含量的水掺入丙烯酸基水凝胶中，然后通过机械力使凝胶去溶胀以获得盐含量较低的水，从而实现氯化钠溶液的脱盐。据我们所知，这是一种解决海水脱盐问题的新方法，此前尚未有过相关报道。在原理验证实验中，10 g/L NaCl溶液的盐含量在一个循环中可降低35%。研究了主要化学参数（如交联度、中和度）以及实验参数（如粒径和盐浓度）对脱盐过程的影响。讨论了使用聚丙烯酸网络进行脱盐的可能最佳条件，并描述了一种通过机械力进行去溶胀的简单装置的构造。
