Academic Section of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
Lancet. 2011 May 14;377(9778):1693-702. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60325-5.
Stroke is a common, serious, and disabling global health-care problem, and rehabilitation is a major part of patient care. There is evidence to support rehabilitation in well coordinated multidisciplinary stroke units or through provision of early supported provision of discharge teams. Potentially beneficial treatment options for motor recovery of the arm include constraint-induced movement therapy and robotics. Promising interventions that could be beneficial to improve aspects of gait include fitness training, high-intensity therapy, and repetitive-task training. Repetitive-task training might also improve transfer functions. Occupational therapy can improve activities of daily living; however, information about the clinical effect of various strategies of cognitive rehabilitation and strategies for aphasia and dysarthria is scarce. Several large trials of rehabilitation practice and of novel therapies (eg, stem-cell therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, virtual reality, robotic therapies, and drug augmentation) are underway to inform future practice.
中风是一种常见的、严重的、致残性的全球医疗保健问题，康复是患者治疗的主要部分。有证据表明，在协调良好的多学科中风病房中进行康复，或通过提供早期支持的出院团队进行康复，是有益的。对上肢运动功能恢复有潜在益处的治疗选择包括强制性运动疗法和机器人。有希望的干预措施可能对改善步态的各个方面有益，包括健身训练、高强度治疗和重复任务训练。重复任务训练也可能改善转移功能。职业治疗可以改善日常生活活动；然而，关于认知康复的各种策略和构音障碍和口吃的策略的临床效果的信息很少。目前正在进行几项关于康复实践和新疗法（例如，干细胞治疗、重复经颅磁刺激、虚拟现实、机器人治疗和药物增效）的大型试验，以为未来的实践提供信息。
