中国一般人群对 2009 年大流行（H1N1）的知识、态度和实践（KAP）：电话调查。
Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 among Chinese general population: a telephone survey.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2011 May 16;11:128. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-11-128.
BACKGROUND
China is at greatest risk of the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 due to its huge population and high residential density. The unclear comprehension and negative attitudes towards the emerging infectious disease among general population may lead to unnecessary worry and even panic. The objective of this study was to investigate the Chinese public response to H1N1 pandemic and provide baseline data to develop public education campaigns in response to future outbreaks.
METHODS
A close-ended questionnaire developed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention was applied to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 among 10,669 responders recruited from seven urban and two rural areas of China sampled by using the probability proportional to size (PPS) method.
RESULTS
30.0% respondents were not clear whether food spread H1N1 virus and. 65.7% reported that the pandemic had no impact on their life. The immunization rates of the seasonal flu and H1N1vaccine were 7.5% and 10.8%, respectively. Farmers and those with lower education level were less likely to know the main transmission route (cough or talk face to face). Female and those with college and above education had higher perception of risk and more compliance with preventive behaviors. Relationships between knowledge and risk perception (OR = 1.69; 95%CI 1.54-1.86), and knowledge and practices (OR = 1.57; 95%CI 1.42-1.73) were found among the study subjects. With regard to the behavior of taking up A/H1N1 vaccination, there are several related factors found in the current study population, including the perception of life disturbed (OR = 1.29; 95%CI 1.11-1.50), the safety of A/H1N1 vaccine (OR = 0.07; 95%CI 0.04-0.11), the knowledge of free vaccination policy (OR = 7.20; 95%CI 5.91-8.78), the state's priority vaccination strategy(OR = 1.33; 95%CI 1.08-1.64), and taking up seasonal influenza vaccine behavior (OR = 4.69; 95%CI 3.53-6.23).
CONCLUSIONS
This A/H1N1 epidemic has not caused public panic yet, but the knowledge of A/H1N1 in residents is not optimistic. Public education campaign may take the side effects of vaccine and the knowledge about the state's vaccination strategy into account.
背景
由于中国庞大的人口数量和高密度的居住环境，中国面临着最大的 2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感大流行风险。普通民众对新发传染病的认识不足和负面态度可能导致不必要的担忧，甚至恐慌。本研究旨在调查中国公众对甲型 H1N1 大流行的反应，为应对未来疫情爆发提供公共教育活动的基线数据。
方法
采用中国疾病预防控制中心制定的封闭式问卷，采用概率比例规模（PPS）方法，对中国 7 个城市和 2 个农村地区的 10669 名应答者进行了甲型 H1N1 2009 年大流行的知识、态度和实践（KAP）评估。
结果
30.0%的受访者不清楚食物是否传播 H1N1 病毒，65.7%的受访者表示大流行对他们的生活没有影响。季节性流感和 H1N1 疫苗的接种率分别为 7.5%和 10.8%。农民和受教育程度较低的人不太可能知道主要传播途径（咳嗽或面对面交谈）。女性和受教育程度较高的人对风险的感知更高，对预防行为的遵守程度更高。研究对象中发现知识与风险感知（OR = 1.69；95%CI 1.54-1.86）和知识与实践（OR = 1.57；95%CI 1.42-1.73）之间存在关系。关于接种 A/H1N1 疫苗的行为，在当前研究人群中发现了几个相关因素，包括生活干扰感知（OR = 1.29；95%CI 1.11-1.50）、A/H1N1 疫苗安全性（OR = 0.07；95%CI 0.04-0.11）、免费疫苗政策知识（OR = 7.20；95%CI 5.91-8.78）、国家优先接种策略（OR = 1.33；95%CI 1.08-1.64）和接种季节性流感疫苗行为（OR = 4.69；95%CI 3.53-6.23）。
结论
此次甲型 H1N1 疫情尚未引起公众恐慌，但居民对甲型 H1N1 的认识不容乐观。公众教育活动可能需要考虑疫苗的副作用以及国家接种策略的相关知识。
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