Camara B, Faye P M, Fall A L, Diagne Gueye N R, Sbaa Hafni C, Ba M, Sow H D
Service hospitalier Universitaire de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal.
Med Trop (Mars). 2011 Feb;71(1):33-6.
Prescription is the main source of medication error in daily medical practice. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution and cost of drugs used and causes of prescription errors in one department of the Albert Royer National Children's Hospital Center in Dakar, Senegal. Study was focused on patients admitted from December 1 to March 3, 2009. Based on 792 expected hospitalizations, 1 out of 2 patients was randomly selected to obtain a cohort of 400 patients for whom a total of 1267 prescriptions were written by pediatricians and interns on duty. Prescriptions were evaluated by pediatric professors to identify errors. The types of errors taken into account in this study involved indication, dosage schedule, and treatment duration. A total of 216 (17.0%) errors were identified including 121 cases (9.5%) involving indication mainly for antibiotics (30.5%) and antimalarial drugs (28.9%). Dosage schedule errors were observed in 58 cases (4.5%) involving antibiotics (24.1%) and antifungals (25.8%). These findings confirm the need for an intensive information campaign to prevent medication misuse in countries such as Senegal. Campaigns should be based on training of relevant therapeutic staff to optimize health care and improve availability for everyone.
在日常医疗实践中，处方是用药错误的主要来源。本研究的目的是确定塞内加尔达喀尔阿尔贝·罗耶国家儿童医院中心一个科室使用的药物分布及成本，以及处方错误的原因。研究聚焦于2009年12月1日至3月3日期间收治的患者。基于792例预期住院病例，随机选取每2例患者中的1例，从而获得一个400例患者的队列，儿科医生和值班实习生为这些患者共开具了1267张处方。处方由儿科教授进行评估以识别错误。本研究中考虑的错误类型包括适应证、给药方案和治疗疗程。共识别出216例（17.0%）错误，其中121例（9.5%）涉及适应证，主要是抗生素（30.5%）和抗疟药（28.9%）。在58例（4.5%）中观察到给药方案错误，涉及抗生素（24.1%）和抗真菌药（25.8%）。这些发现证实了在塞内加尔等国家开展强化宣传活动以防止药物滥用的必要性。宣传活动应基于对相关治疗人员的培训，以优化医疗保健并提高每个人的可及性。
