Department of Nursing, School of Health Professions and Studies, The University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI 48502-1950, USA.
J Clin Nurs. 2011 Dec;20(23-24):3276-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03681.x. Epub 2011 May 18.
This education-focused paper presents a discussion of possible data sources used in patient safety issues specific to fall reduction in hospital inpatient care settings.
Although hospitals and clinicians in the USA have been implored to improve care and reduce events that harm patients (falls), studies to date have failed to clearly address the facility system-level factors for falls. Making meaningful approaches to modify risk factors is clearly overdue.
Discursive paper.
Possible data sources for answering patient fall-related research questions in hospital settings are categorised as: (1) archived hospital data, (2) surveys of patients/families/clinicians, (3) interviews and focus groups of patients/families/clinicians, (4) publicly available data sets and (5) published legal cases. The complexities of research in fall prevention are illustrated using the conceptual models. Examples were included to illustrate the use of these data sources.
Data-related issues include: (1) unit of analysis, (2) computer data processing capabilities, (3) merging data sets from different sources and (4) data abstraction, aggregation and data analytic techniques.
The trend to use multiple data sources to answer research questions is gradually emerging. To demonstrate effective fall prevention efforts across hospitals, publicly available data sets can be reliable sources for analyses to inform policymakers about meaningful fall prevention programmes that result in positive outcomes.
Challenges to develop and evaluate any interventions to eliminate risk factors for falls often relate to selecting feasible interventions and whether staff members accept the interventions and adhere to adopting the intervention. Using multiple data sources with time factors to cross-validate the sufficiency of nurses' knowledge with their practice patterns may be more productive. This need further supports the importance of this paper about possible data sources used in the research on patient safety specific to fall reduction for adults in hospital inpatient care settings.
本教育重点论文讨论了在医院住院患者护理环境中降低跌倒风险这一具体患者安全问题中可能使用的数据来源。
尽管美国的医院和临床医生被敦促改善护理并减少伤害患者的事件（跌倒），但迄今为止的研究未能清楚地解决与跌倒相关的设施系统层面的因素。显然，现在是采取有意义的方法来修改风险因素的时候了。
论述性论文。
在医院环境中回答与患者跌倒相关的研究问题的可能数据来源可分为：（1）存档的医院数据，（2）患者/家庭/医务人员调查，（3）患者/家庭/医务人员访谈和焦点小组，（4）公开可用的数据集和（5）已发布的法律案例。使用概念模型说明了预防跌倒研究中的复杂性。还包括了示例来说明这些数据来源的使用。
与数据相关的问题包括：（1）分析单位，（2）计算机数据处理能力，（3）合并来自不同来源的数据集，以及（4）数据抽象、聚合和数据分析技术。
使用多个数据源回答研究问题的趋势正在逐渐出现。为了展示跨医院有效预防跌倒的努力，可以使用公开可用的数据集作为分析的可靠来源，为决策者提供有关能带来积极结果的有意义的预防跌倒计划的信息。
开发和评估任何消除跌倒风险因素的干预措施的挑战通常与选择可行的干预措施以及员工是否接受干预措施并坚持采用干预措施有关。使用具有时间因素的多个数据源来交叉验证护士的知识与其实践模式的充分性可能更具成效。这进一步支持了本文关于在成人医院住院患者护理环境中降低跌倒风险这一具体患者安全研究中使用可能数据来源的重要性。
