Michon Frederic
Institute of Biotechnology, Developmental Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2011 Aug;91(8):763-9. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20787. Epub 2011 May 17.
Teeth, like all epithelial appendages, form via a sequential and reciprocal series of inductive signals between the epithelium and the underlying mesenchyme. The genes involved in this signaling network regulating ectodermal organ development have been highly conserved during evolution and are gaining more understanding in great detail. The specific functions of numerous genes during embryogenesis are known, and the involvement of their mutations in the pathogenesis of congenital defects is being extensively studied. Recently, the micro-RNA (miRNA) pathway has been associated with various aspects of embryogenesis including ectodermal organ formation and odontogenesis. In this review, I presented the genetic network involved during tooth formation and evolution, and several mutations that give rise to dental defects. The possible impact of fine-tuning and network regulation by miRNAs on development, evolution of teeth, and defects are, therefore, discussed.
牙齿与所有上皮附属器一样，通过上皮与下方间充质之间一系列连续且相互的诱导信号形成。在进化过程中，参与调控外胚层器官发育的这个信号网络的基因高度保守，并且人们对其有了更深入的详细了解。众多基因在胚胎发生过程中的具体功能已为人所知，而且它们的突变在先天性缺陷发病机制中的作用正在得到广泛研究。最近，微小RNA（miRNA）途径已与胚胎发生的各个方面相关联，包括外胚层器官形成和牙齿发生。在这篇综述中，我介绍了牙齿形成和进化过程中涉及的基因网络，以及一些导致牙齿缺陷的突变。因此，讨论了miRNA的微调与网络调控对牙齿发育、进化和缺陷可能产生的影响。
