Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, UK.
Equine Vet J. 2011 Mar;43(2):163-9. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00138.x.
Cheek teeth (CT) diastemata are a major equine dental disorder that can be treated by mechanically widening the diastemata. There is limited anatomical knowledge of the spatial relationships of the individual pulps to the adjacent interproximal surfaces; on the risks of exposing the 6th pulp horn when performing the clinically unproven 'bit seating' procedure on Triadan 06s.
To describe the anatomical relationships between the occlusal and interproximal surfaces of CT and the adjacent pulp horns; and between the 6th pulp horn and the occlusal and rostral surfaces of Triadan 06s.
The CT from 30 skulls of horses subjected to euthanasia for non-dental reasons were sectioned to expose the rostrally and caudally situated pulp horns to allow the anatomical relationships between the pulp horns and the occlusal and interproximal aspects of the CT to be assessed.
Pulp horns were mean ± s.d. of 5.74 ± 1.45 (range 1.3-10.8 mm) from the nearest interproximal surface, with 5.3% of pulp horns being <3.5 mm from the interproximal surface. In contrast to expectations, pulps tended to became closer to the interproximal surface (and also to the occlusal surface) with increasing age. Teeth with physiologically tall clinical crowns, and also those in the Triadan 09 position had pulps that were closer to the interproximal surfaces than the remaining CT. The more caudally situated pulp horns, i.e. in particular, the 4th maxillary and 5th mandibular pulp horns were closer to the interproximal surfaces than the remaining pulp horns and these pulp horns also had the thinnest sub-occlusal secondary dentine. Pulps that were close to the interproximal surface were also found to be close to the occlusal surface of the CT.
While diastema widening is theoretically safe between the majority of CT, a small proportion of pulp horns are only 1.3 mm from an interproximal surface and others lie just 1.6 mm beneath the occlusal surface, and such pulps are at risk of pulpar exposure and to thermal injury during this procedure. The risk of pulpar exposure increases when dental tissue is removed from the caudal aspects of CT.
颊齿（CT）间隙是一种主要的马牙科疾病，可以通过机械扩大间隙来治疗。对于个体牙髓与相邻近中面的空间关系，只有有限的解剖学知识；关于在 Triadan 06s 上进行未经临床证实的“衔铁座”程序时暴露第 6 牙髓角的风险。
描述 CT 的咬合面和近中面与相邻牙髓角之间的解剖关系；以及第 6 牙髓角与 Triadan 06s 的咬合面和额面之间的关系。
对因非牙科原因安乐死的 30 匹马的头骨 CT 进行切片，以暴露位于额侧和尾侧的牙髓角，以评估牙髓角与 CT 的近中面和咬合面之间的解剖关系。
牙髓角距最近的近中面平均为±1.45（范围 1.3-10.8mm），5.3%的牙髓角距近中面<3.5mm。与预期相反，随着年龄的增长，牙髓角变得更接近近中面（也更接近咬合面）。具有生理性高临床牙冠的牙齿，以及处于 Triadan 09 位置的牙齿，其牙髓更接近近中面，而其余的 CT 则不然。位于尾侧的牙髓角，即上颌第 4 牙髓角和下颌第 5 牙髓角，比其余的牙髓角更接近近中面，这些牙髓角的下咬合继发性牙本质也最薄。靠近近中面的牙髓角也被发现靠近 CT 的咬合面。
虽然理论上在大多数 CT 之间扩大间隙是安全的，但一小部分牙髓角仅距近中面 1.3mm，其他牙髓角仅距咬合面 1.6mm，这些牙髓角在该过程中存在牙髓暴露和热损伤的风险。当从 CT 的尾侧去除牙体组织时，暴露牙髓的风险会增加。
