Hanslmayr Simon, Gross Joachim, Klimesch Wolfgang, Shapiro Kimron L
University of Konstanz, Department of Psychology, Germany.
Brain Res Rev. 2011 Jun 24;67(1-2):331-43. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2011.04.002. Epub 2011 Apr 28.
Our brain does not process incoming sensory stimuli mechanistically. Instead the current brain state modulates our reaction to a stimulus. This modulation can be investigated by cognitive paradigms such as the attentional blink, which reveal that identical visual target stimuli are correctly reported only on about half the trials. Support for the notion that the fluctuating state of the brain determines stimulus detection comes from electrophysiological investigations of brain oscillations, which have shown that different parameters of ongoing oscillatory alpha activity (~10 Hz) can predict whether a visual stimulus will be perceived or not. The present article reviews recent findings on the role of prestimulus alpha oscillatory activity for visual perception and incorporates these results into a neurocognitive model that is able to account for various findings in temporal attention paradigms, specifically the attentional blink.
我们的大脑并非机械地处理传入的感官刺激。相反，当前的大脑状态会调节我们对刺激的反应。这种调节可以通过诸如注意瞬脱等认知范式来研究，这些范式表明，相同的视觉目标刺激只有大约一半的试验能被正确报告。大脑波动状态决定刺激检测这一观点的证据来自对脑振荡的电生理研究，这些研究表明，正在进行的振荡性阿尔法活动（约10赫兹）的不同参数可以预测视觉刺激是否会被感知。本文综述了关于刺激前阿尔法振荡活动在视觉感知中作用的最新研究结果，并将这些结果纳入一个神经认知模型，该模型能够解释时间注意范式中的各种发现，特别是注意瞬脱。
