台湾的姬缘蜈蚣科，并描述五个新物种（倍足纲，姬缘蜈蚣目）

The millipede family Polydesmidae in Taiwan, with descriptions of five new species (Polydesmida, Diplopoda).

作者信息

Golovatch Sergei I, Mikhaljova Elena V, Chang Hsueh-Wen

机构信息

Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.

出版信息

Zookeys. 2011 Apr 29(93):9-42. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.93.1167.

Polydesmidae are represented in Taiwan by seven species in two genera. Neither of the genera is endemic to Taiwan, but six of the species are, including five new: Nipponesmus minorsp. n., Epanerchodus bispinosussp. n., Epanerchodus curtigonopussp. n., Epanerchodus flagellifersp. n. and Epanerchodus pinguissp. n. In addition, the diagnosis of the hitherto enigmatic genus Nipponesmus Chamberlin & Wang, 1953 is refined vis-à-vis the especially similar, Central Asian, Siberian and Eastern European genus Schizoturanius Verhoeff, 1931, chiefly based on new material of the type-species Nipponesmus shirinensis Chamberlin & Wang, 1953; this species is adequately redescribed and represents still another Taiwanese endemic. A key to all three currently known species of Nipponesmus Chamberlin & Wang, 1953 is given. The highly speciose Central to East Asian genus Epanerchodus Attems, 1901 is represented in Taiwan by five species, all keyed, including Epanerchodus orientalis Attems, 1901, which is long known to be highly variable in Japan and found particularly polymorphous and apparently allochthonous in Taiwan. The following synonymy is formalized: Epanerchodus orientalis orientalis Attems, 1901 = Epanerchodus orientalis takakuwai Verhoeff, 1913, syn. n. The genus Usbekodesmus Lohmander, 1932 is formally synonymized with Epanerchodus Attems, 1901, syn. n., resulting in the following new formal transfers: Epanerchodus redikorzevi (Lohmander, 1932), Epanerchodus swatensis (Golovatch, 1991), Epanerchodus varius (Geoffroy & Golovatch, 2004), Epanerchodus anachoretus (Golovatch, 1986), Epanerchodus buddhis (Golovatch, 1986), Epanerchodus occultus (Golovatch, 1986), Epanerchodus sacer (Golovatch, 1987), Epanerchodus theocraticus (Golovatch, 1990) and Epanerchodus theosophicus (Golovatch, 1986), all comb. n. ex Usbekodesmus. The distributions of all seven species of Polydesmidae occurring in Taiwan are mapped and discussed.

台湾的姬鼠妇科有两个属的七个物种。这两个属都不是台湾特有的，但其中六个物种是台湾特有种，包括五个新物种：小日本姬鼠妇（Nipponesmus minorsp. n.）、双棘显尾姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus bispinosussp. n.）、短足显尾姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus curtigonopussp. n.）、鞭状显尾姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus flagellifersp. n.）和平腹显尾姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus pinguissp. n.）。此外，相对于特别相似的中亚、西伯利亚和东欧的裂尾姬鼠妇属（Schizoturanius Verhoeff，1931），对迄今神秘的日本姬鼠妇属（Nipponesmus Chamberlin & Wang，1953）的诊断进行了细化，主要基于模式种西里宁日本姬鼠妇（Nipponesmus shirinensis Chamberlin & Wang，1953）的新材料；该物种得到了充分的重新描述，并且是另一个台湾特有种。给出了1953年已知的所有三个日本姬鼠妇属物种的检索表。种类繁多的东亚姬鼠妇属（Epanerchodus Attems，1901）在台湾有五个物种，均给出了检索表，包括1901年的东方姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus orientalis Attems），长期以来已知其在日本高度可变，在台湾发现特别多态且显然是外来的。以下异名关系正式确定：1901年的东方姬鼠妇指名亚种（Epanerchodus orientalis orientalis Attems）= 1913年的高桑东方姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus orientalis takakuwai Verhoeff），新异名。1932年的乌兹别克姬鼠妇属（Usbekodesmus Lohmander）正式与1901年的姬鼠妇属（Epanerchodus Attems）同义，新异名，产生以下新的正式转移：红氏姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus redikorzevi，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Lohmander，1932）、斯瓦特姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus swatensis，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Golovatch，1991）、多变姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus varius，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Geoffroy & Golovatch，2004）、隐遁姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus anachoretus，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Golovatch，1986）、布氏姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus buddhis，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Golovatch，1986）、隐匿姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus occultus，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Golovatch，1986）、神圣姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus sacer，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Golovatch，1987）、神权姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus theocraticus，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Golovatch，1990）和神智姬鼠妇（Epanerchodus theosophicus，原乌兹别克姬鼠妇，Golovatch，1986），均为来自乌兹别克姬鼠妇属的新组合。绘制并讨论了台湾出现的姬鼠妇科所有七个物种的分布情况。