在对日本在职男性的工作分类进行调整后，牙周病与吸烟之间是否存在关联？

Morita Ichizo, Sheiham Aubrey, Nakagaki Haruo, Yoshii Saori, Mizuno Kinichiro, Sabbah Wael

Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.

Oral Health Prev Dent. 2011;9(1):83-9.

OBJECTIVES

The objective of this study is to examine whether the well-known association between periodontal disease and smoking persists after adjusting for job classification.

METHODS

A sample of 16,110 employed Japanese males aged 20-69 years was included in the study. Periodontal examinations were conducted using the Community Periodontal Index. The association between periodontal disease and smoking status was examined using logistic regression adjusting for age, diabetes and job classification. Job classification was based on criteria of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. There are nine major job groups: (1) Professional (professionals, specialists), (2) Managers, (3) Office workers (computer operators, clerks, secretaries), (4) Skilled worker (factory workers, construction workers), (5) Salesperson (shop assistants), (6) Service occupations (superintendents, cleaners or car park attendants), (7) Security (guards), (8) Farmers and fishermen, (9) Transport and telecommunication workers (truck drivers).

RESULTS

Current and former smokers were more likely to have periodontal disease than non-smokers. Adjusting for job classification attenuated the association between smoking and periodontal disease but did not eliminate the association. The odds ratios for the association between smoking and Community Periodontal Index score 3 or 4 attenuated from 2.25 to 2.04 and from 2.62 to 2.52 for individuals aged 20 to 39 and 40 to 69 years, respectively. The effect of job classification on the association between periodontal disease and smoking was higher among younger participants aged 20 to 39 years.

CONCLUSIONS

Smoking persisted as an important determinant of periodontal disease after adjusting for job classification in Japanese employed males.

目的

本研究的目的是检验在对职业分类进行调整后，牙周疾病与吸烟之间广为人知的关联是否依然存在。

方法

本研究纳入了16110名年龄在20至69岁之间的在职日本男性样本。使用社区牙周指数进行牙周检查。采用逻辑回归分析，对年龄、糖尿病和职业分类进行调整，以检验牙周疾病与吸烟状况之间的关联。职业分类基于日本厚生劳动省的标准。有九个主要职业组：（1）专业人员（专业人士、专家），（2）管理人员，（3）办公室职员（计算机操作员、职员、秘书），（4）技术工人（工厂工人、建筑工人），（5）销售人员（店员），（6）服务行业人员（主管、清洁工或停车场管理员），（7）保安（警卫），（8）农民和渔民，（9）运输和电信工人（卡车司机）。

结果

当前吸烟者和曾经吸烟者比不吸烟者更易患牙周疾病。对职业分类进行调整后，吸烟与牙周疾病之间的关联有所减弱，但并未消除。对于年龄在20至39岁和40至69岁的个体，吸烟与社区牙周指数评分为3或4之间的比值比分别从2.25降至2.04和从2.62降至2.52。在20至39岁的年轻参与者中，职业分类对牙周疾病与吸烟之间关联的影响更大。