Chemistry Discipline, Faculty of Science and Technology, Queensland University of Technology, GPO 2434, Brisbane Queensland 4001, Australia.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Aug 15;360(2):440-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.04.085. Epub 2011 Apr 30.
Organoclays were synthesised through ion exchange of a single surfactant for sodium ions, and characterised by a range of method including X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The change in surface properties of montmorillonite and organoclays intercalated with the surfactant, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TDTMA) were determined using XRD through the change in basal spacing and the expansion occurred by the adsorbed p-nitrophenol. The changes of interlayer spacing were observed in TEM. In addition, the surface measurement such as specific surface area and pore volume was measured and calculated using BET method, this suggested the loaded surfactant is highly important to determine the sorption mechanism onto organoclays. The collected results of XPS provided the chemical composition of montmorillonite and organoclays, and the high-resolution XPS spectra offered the chemical states of prepared organoclays with binding energy. Using TGA and FT-IR, the confirmation of intercalated surfactant was investigated. The collected data from various techniques enable an understanding of the changes in structure and surface properties. This study is of importance to provide mechanisms for the adsorption of organic molecules, especially in contaminated environmental sites and polluted waters.
有机粘土是通过单一表面活性剂对钠离子的离子交换合成的，并通过一系列方法进行了表征，包括 X 射线衍射（XRD）、BET、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）、热重分析（TGA）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）。通过 XRD 测定了蒙脱土和用表面活性剂十四烷基三甲基溴化铵（TDTMA）插层的有机粘土表面性质的变化，通过吸附对硝基苯酚引起的层间距变化和膨胀来确定。在 TEM 中观察到层间间距的变化。此外，使用 BET 法测量和计算了比表面积和孔体积等表面测量值，这表明负载的表面活性剂对于确定有机粘土的吸附机制非常重要。XPS 的收集结果提供了蒙脱土和有机粘土的化学成分，高分辨率 XPS 光谱提供了制备有机粘土的化学状态和结合能。使用 TGA 和 FT-IR 研究了插层表面活性剂的确认。从各种技术收集的数据使我们能够了解结构和表面性质的变化。这项研究对于提供有机分子吸附的机制非常重要，特别是在污染环境场所和污染水中。
