Department of Oncology/Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Acta Oncol. 2011 Jun;50 Suppl 1:98-103. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2010.576115.
Radiotherapy has experienced an extremely rapid development in recent years. Important improvements such as the introduction of multileaf collimators and computed tomography (CT)-based treatment planning software have enabled three dimensional conformal external beam radiation therapy (3DCRT). The development of treatment planning systems and technology for brachytherapy has been very rapid as well. Development of accelerators with integrated on-board imaging equipment and technology, for example image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) has further improved the precision with reduced margins to adjacent normal tissues. This has, in turn, led to the possibility to administer even higher doses to the prostate than previously. Although radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy have been used for the last decades as curative treatment modalities, still there are no randomized trials published comparing these two options. Outcome data show that the two treatment modalities are highly comparable when used for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer.
近年来，放射治疗发展极为迅速。重要的改进包括多叶准直器和基于计算机断层扫描（CT）的治疗计划软件的引入，从而实现了三维适形外照射放射治疗（3DCRT）。近距离治疗计划系统和技术的发展也非常迅速。例如，具有内置成像设备和技术的加速器的发展，如图像引导放射治疗（IGRT），进一步提高了精度，同时减少了对相邻正常组织的边缘。这反过来又使得有可能向前列腺给予比以前更高的剂量。虽然放射治疗和根治性前列腺切除术在过去几十年中一直被用作有治愈可能的治疗方式，但仍没有发表比较这两种选择的随机试验。结果数据表明，在用于低危和中危前列腺癌时，这两种治疗方式具有高度可比性。
