From the Guttmacher Institute, Research Division, New York, New York; and FHI, Clinical Research Department, Durham, North Carolina.
Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Jun;117(6):1349-1357. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821c47c9.
To examine characteristics of U.S. women that are associated with use of long-acting reversible contraception and changes in these characteristics between 2002 and 2006-2008.
We analyzed data from two nationally representative samples of women aged 15-44 in the National Survey of Family Growth, including 7,643 women in 2002 and 7,356 women in 2006-2008. We conducted simple and multinomial logistic regression analyses to identify demographic and reproductive health characteristics associated with use of long-acting reversible contraception.
Long-acting reversible contraception (intrauterine devices and subdermal implants) use among U.S. women using contraception increased from 2.4% in 2002 to 5.6% in 2006-2008. The largest increases in long-acting reversible contraception use during this time occurred among the youngest and oldest age groups, non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic African American women, foreign-born women, and those in the highest income group. High prevalence of long-acting reversible contraception use in 2006-2008 was seen among women who had given birth once or twice (10%), foreign-born women (8.8%), and Hispanic women (8.4%). After adjusting for key demographic and reproductive health characteristics, in comparison with users of other contraceptive methods and with those not using contraception who were at risk for unintended pregnancy, foreign-born women and women who experienced coitarche before age 18 were approximately twice as likely to be using long-acting reversible contraception as women without those characteristics.
A more diverse population of women used long-acting reversible contraception in 2006-2008 compared with 2002. However, there is likely more potential for increased uptake, especially among populations historically not considered to be candidates for these methods.
探讨与美国女性使用长效可逆避孕措施相关的特征，以及这些特征在 2002 年至 2006-2008 年间的变化。
我们分析了全美生育调查中两个具有代表性的15-44 岁女性样本的数据，包括 2002 年的 7643 名女性和 2006-2008 年的 7356 名女性。我们进行了简单和多项逻辑回归分析，以确定与使用长效可逆避孕措施相关的人口统计学和生殖健康特征。
使用避孕措施的美国女性中，长效可逆避孕措施（宫内节育器和皮下埋植剂）的使用率从 2002 年的 2.4%上升到 2006-2008 年的 5.6%。在此期间，长效可逆避孕措施使用率增长最大的是最年轻和最年长的年龄组、非西班牙裔白人和非西班牙裔非裔美国女性、外国出生的女性以及收入最高的群体。在 2006-2008 年，曾经生育过一次或两次的女性（10%）、外国出生的女性（8.8%）和西班牙裔女性（8.4%）中，长效可逆避孕措施的高使用率较为常见。调整了关键的人口统计学和生殖健康特征后，与使用其他避孕方法的女性以及有意外怀孕风险但未使用避孕措施的女性相比，外国出生的女性和初次性行为年龄在 18 岁以下的女性使用长效可逆避孕措施的可能性是没有这些特征的女性的近两倍。
与 2002 年相比，2006-2008 年使用长效可逆避孕措施的女性群体更加多样化。然而，尤其是在那些历史上不被认为是这些方法的合适人选的人群中，长效可逆避孕措施的使用率可能还有更大的提升空间。
