Xu Ming-Xiang, Liu Guo-Bin, Zhao Yun-Ge
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2011 Feb;22(2):409-17.
Classical statistics methods were adopted to analyze the soil quality variability, its affecting factors, and affecting degree at a regional scale (700 km2) in the central part of hilly Loess Plateau region of China. There existed great differences in the variability of test soil quality indicators. Soil pH, structural coefficient, silt content, specific gravity, bulk density, total porosity, capillary porosity, and catalase activity were the indicators with weak variability; soil nutrients (N, P, and K) contents, CaCO3 content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), clay content, micro-aggregate mean mass diameter, aggregate mean mass diameter, water-stable aggregates, respiration rate, microbial quotient, invertase and phosphatase activities, respiratory quotient, and microbial carbon and nitrogen showed medium variation; while soil labile organic carbon and phosphorus contents, erosion-resistance, permeability coefficient, and urease activity were the indicators with strong variability. The variability of soil CaCO3, total P and K, CEC, texture, and specific gravity, etc. was correlated with topography and other environmental factors, while the variability of dynamic soil quality indicators, including soil organic matter content, nitrogen content, water-stable aggregates, permeability, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, enzyme activities, and respiration rate, was mainly correlated with land use type. Overall, land use pattern explained 97% of the variability of soil quality indicators in the region. It was suggested that in the evaluation of soil quality in hilly Loess Plateau region, land use type and environmental factors should be fully considered.
采用经典统计学方法，对中国黄土高原丘陵沟壑区中部700平方公里区域尺度上的土壤质量变异特征、影响因素及影响程度进行了分析。供试土壤质量指标的变异程度存在较大差异。土壤pH值、结构系数、粉粒含量、比重、容重、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和过氧化氢酶活性等指标变异较弱；土壤养分（氮、磷、钾）含量、碳酸钙含量、阳离子交换量（CEC）、黏粒含量、微团聚体平均质量直径、团聚体平均质量直径、水稳性团聚体、呼吸速率、微生物商、蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性、呼吸商以及微生物碳氮表现为中等变异；而土壤活性有机碳和磷含量、抗侵蚀性、渗透系数和脲酶活性等指标变异较强。土壤碳酸钙、全磷、全钾、阳离子交换量、质地和比重等的变异与地形等环境因子有关，而土壤有机质含量、氮含量、水稳性团聚体、渗透性、微生物生物量碳氮、酶活性和呼吸速率等土壤质量动态指标的变异主要与土地利用类型有关。总体而言，土地利用方式解释了该区域土壤质量指标变异的97%。研究表明，在黄土高原丘陵沟壑区土壤质量评价中，应充分考虑土地利用类型和环境因素。
