Boyd Jamie Kamailani, Hernandez Jesika Y, Braun Kathryn L
Windward Community College, University of Hawai'i, USA.
Prog Community Health Partnersh. 2011 Summer;5(2):169-76. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2011.0015.
Students from lower socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds have historically experienced high rates of college dropout. Surveys often are used to assess supports and barriers (SB) to college enrollment and completion, and findings drive the design of interventions to improve student recruitment and retention. However, standard surveys may not include questions that solicit the breadth of issues facing low-income minority individuals.
We used community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles to develop an SB survey to better reflect the concerns of rural, first-generation college students in Hawai'i.
An advisory panel (AP) of students and community partners guided the work. The literature informed the first draft of the SB survey. Then we worked with students who had successfully completed a vocational Nurse Aide (NA) Training Program (NATP) course to refine four versions of the SB survey through multiple cycles of online survey review and focus groups.
The final product included questions in new areas and differently phrased questions in standard areas (e.g., transportation, dependent care, housing, financial aid) to better capture reasons for students dropping out. The survey has proven useful as a student assessment tool, and findings are being used by instructors, counselors, and community partners to add resources and modify programs to increase student success in community college.
Findings confirm the usefulness of engaging target partners in tool development. An enhanced understanding of SB of students from underrepresented groups will help to improve college recruitment and retention interventions.
社会经济地位较低的学生历来大学辍学率较高。调查通常用于评估大学入学和毕业的支持因素与障碍因素，调查结果推动着旨在改善学生招生和留校率的干预措施的设计。然而，标准调查可能未涵盖能征集低收入少数族裔个体所面临问题广度的问题。
我们运用基于社区的参与性研究（CBPR）原则开发了一项支持因素与障碍因素调查，以更好地反映夏威夷农村第一代大学生的关切。
由学生和社区合作伙伴组成的咨询小组指导这项工作。文献为支持因素与障碍因素调查的初稿提供了参考。然后，我们与成功完成职业护理助理（NA）培训项目（NATP）课程的学生合作，通过多轮在线调查评审和焦点小组讨论，完善了支持因素与障碍因素调查的四个版本。
最终版本在新领域增加了问题，并对标准领域（如交通、家属照料、住房、经济援助）的问题进行了不同表述，以更好地找出学生辍学的原因。该调查已被证明是一种有用的学生评估工具，教师、辅导员和社区合作伙伴正利用调查结果增加资源并调整项目，以提高社区学院学生的成功率。
研究结果证实了让目标合作伙伴参与工具开发的有用性。对代表性不足群体学生的支持因素与障碍因素有更深入的了解，将有助于改进大学招生和留校干预措施。
