Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2011 Jun;19(6):319-27. doi: 10.5435/00124635-201106000-00002.
A wide spectrum of cervical spine injuries, including stable and unstable injuries with and without neurologic compromise, account for a large percentage of emergency department visits. Effective treatment of the polytrauma patient with cervical spine injury requires knowledge of cervical spine anatomy and the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, as well as techniques for cervical spine stabilization, intraoperative positioning, and airway management. The orthopaedic surgeon must oversee patient care and coordinate treatment with emergency department physicians and anesthesia services in both the acute and subacute settings. Children are particularly susceptible to substantial destabilizing cervical injuries and must be treated with a high degree of caution. The surgeon must understand the unique anatomic and biomechanical properties associated with the pediatric cervical spine as well as injury patterns and stabilization techniques specific to this patient population.
颈椎损伤的范围广泛，包括稳定和不稳定的损伤，伴有或不伴有神经功能障碍，占急诊科就诊的很大比例。有效治疗颈椎损伤多发创伤患者需要了解颈椎解剖结构和脊髓损伤的病理生理学，以及颈椎稳定、术中定位和气道管理技术。骨科医生必须监督患者的护理，并在急性和亚急性环境中与急诊科医生和麻醉科协调治疗。儿童尤其容易发生严重的颈椎不稳定损伤，必须高度谨慎地治疗。外科医生必须了解与儿童颈椎相关的独特解剖学和生物力学特性，以及特定于该患者群体的损伤模式和稳定技术。
