Vázquez Fernando L, Torres Ángela, Otero Patricia, Díaz Olga
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela-Campus Vida, Galicia, Spain.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2011 Jun;199(6):379-83. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31821cd29c.
This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV), axis I mental disorders among Spanish female students and investigated their psychiatric comorbidity and correlates. 1054 female students with a mean age of 22.2 years were randomly selected, with stratification by academic seniority and the type of academic discipline. The cases of mental disorder were identified by clinically trained interviewers with the aid of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Clinician Version. The lifetime prevalence of the targeted psychiatric disorders was 50.8%, and its point prevalence was 37.3%. The commonest disorders were nicotine dependence, depression, and generalized anxiety disorder. Nearly 37% of subjects with a psychiatric disorder had two or more diagnoses. Mental illness was associated with family income, financial independence, type of academic discipline, violence from men, social support, and self-esteem. Psychiatric disorders are common among female university students. Serious attention should be paid to preventive and therapeutic programs in this group.
这项横断面研究评估了西班牙女学生中《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版(DSM-IV)轴I精神障碍的患病率,并调查了她们的精神疾病共病情况及相关因素。随机选取了1054名平均年龄为22.2岁的女学生,按学业年级和学科类型进行分层。精神障碍病例由经过临床培训的访谈者借助《DSM-IV轴I障碍临床定式访谈-临床医生版》进行识别。目标精神障碍的终生患病率为50.8%,时点患病率为37.3%。最常见的障碍是尼古丁依赖、抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症。近37%患有精神障碍的受试者有两种或更多诊断。精神疾病与家庭收入、经济独立、学科类型、来自男性的暴力、社会支持和自尊有关。精神障碍在女大学生中很常见。应高度重视该群体的预防和治疗项目。