Bascones-Martínez Antonio, Muñoz-Corcuera Marta, Bascones-Ilundain Jaime
Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Bucofacial, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2012 Mar 24;138(7):312-7. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2011.03.029. Epub 2011 May 31.
Revised guidelines for the prevention of infective endocarditis published by national and international associations in the last years do not support the indiscriminate use of antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures. However, some of them still recommend its use in high-risk patients before dental treatments likely to cause bleeding. Given the high prevalence of bacteremia of dental origin due to tooth-brushing, mastication or other daily activities, it appears unlikely that infective endocarditis from oral microorganisms can be completely prevented. A good oral health status and satisfactory level of oral hygiene are sufficient to control the consequences of the systemic spread of oral microorganisms in healthy individuals. However, caution is still needed and prophylactic antibiotics must be administered to susceptible or medically compromised patients. This review briefly outlines the current concepts of odontogenic bacteremia and antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing dental treatment.
国家和国际协会在过去几年发布的感染性心内膜炎预防修订指南不支持在牙科手术中不加区别地使用抗生素预防。然而，其中一些指南仍建议在可能导致出血的牙科治疗前，对高危患者使用抗生素预防。鉴于刷牙、咀嚼或其他日常活动导致的牙源性菌血症患病率很高，似乎不太可能完全预防口腔微生物引起的感染性心内膜炎。良好的口腔健康状况和令人满意的口腔卫生水平足以控制健康个体中口腔微生物全身传播的后果。然而，仍需谨慎，必须对易感或有医疗问题的患者使用预防性抗生素。本综述简要概述了接受牙科治疗患者的牙源性菌血症和抗生素预防的当前概念。
