The effect of intracellularly injected cAMP on the amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic potentials was studied using identified neurons of the snail Helix pomatia. 2. In 25% of the experiments, postsynaptic cAMP elevation caused a pronounced augmentation of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) amplitude, lasting up to 15-30 min. 3. The results suggest that a cAMP increase in the postsynaptic neuron may be involved in the enhancement of synaptic efficiency.