Sabbe M B, Yaksh T L
J Pain Symptom Manage. 1990 Jun;5(3):191-203. doi: 10.1016/0885-3924(90)90009-9.
This review presents the pharmacology of spinal opioid receptor systems which are primarily involved in pain processing. The major areas upon which we will focus are: the structure and cellular functioning of the opioid receptor systems; the physiologic effects induced by spinally administered opioids, particularly in pain modulation; and pharmacokinetic and dynamic considerations, with special attention to the problem of opioid tolerance development.
本综述介绍了主要参与疼痛处理的脊髓阿片受体系统的药理学。我们将重点关注的主要领域包括：阿片受体系统的结构和细胞功能；脊髓给药阿片类药物所诱导的生理效应，尤其是在疼痛调节方面；以及药代动力学和动态学方面的考虑因素，特别关注阿片类药物耐受性发展的问题。
