First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Osaka, Japan.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2012 Apr;40(3):215-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2011.04.019.
This study was undertaken to analyse in detail the morphological features of the philtral dimple and the developmental changes of philtral morphology, including a comparison with patients with a cleft lip.
Fifty-five normal Japanese adults, seventy-five children and fifteen patients with complete unilateral cleft lip were referred for analysis.
3D facial data were acquired with a non-contacting laser scanner. We calculated the desired linear and angular components, defining the features of the philtrum with analysing software.
The philtral dimple was morphologically expressed by the two different deepest points in the horizontal and sagittal sectional view, respectively. These decreased with age and did not show any correlation. In contrast, philtral measurements on the X-Y coordinates increased during the course of development. Most of the linear and angular variables in the patients with the cleft lip had exhibited greater values than the normal subjects, reflecting the deformed philtral morphology.
To obtain an optimally natural philtral construction accompanied by a symmetrical lip in cleft surgery, it is critical to take into consideration both the geometric features of the philtral depth and age-appropriate morphological features of the philtrum as objective criteria.
本研究旨在详细分析人中凹的形态特征以及人中形态的发育变化，包括与唇裂患者的比较。
55 名正常日本成年人、75 名儿童和 15 名完全单侧唇裂患者被纳入分析。
使用非接触式激光扫描仪获取 3D 面部数据。我们使用分析软件计算所需的线性和角度分量，以定义人中的特征。
水平和矢状截面视图中的两个不同最深点分别在形态上表达了人中凹。这些深度随着年龄的增长而减小，并且没有显示出任何相关性。相比之下，在发育过程中，X-Y 坐标上的人中测量值增加。唇裂患者的大多数线性和角度变量值均大于正常组，反映了变形的人中形态。
为了在唇裂手术中获得伴有对称唇的最佳自然人中结构，必须将人中深度的几何特征和年龄适当的人中形态特征作为客观标准来考虑。
