School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2011;46(7):771-6. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2011.571632.
Constructed wetland (CW) has been widely applied in nutrients reduction for eutrophication control, especially in the advanced treatment of effluent of municipal sewage plants or the in-lake river treatment with high hydraulic loads and low nutrient concentrations. But in real application, it shows lower nutrient removal efficiency. The main reason is that traditional substrates, such as soil and gravel have low capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. This study aims to enhance nutrients removal in constructed wetland systems by using series of substrates including calcium silicate hydrate (CSH), vermiculite and ceramsite which are all investigated individually in static experiment or mixed in batch and continuous flow experiments. The result showed that the efficiency of phosphorus removal by CSH could reach 97%, much higher than the other substrates. However, when it was applied in CW, the removal efficiency decreased. Although vermiculite showed the highest ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency of 65.91%, the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency may have depended on the action of microorganism. High total nitrogen removal efficiency was obtained in continuous-flow mixed substrate CW. Under a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 18h and hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of 0.496 m(3)/m(3).d, average total nitrogen removal efficiency of above 91% was achieved, but the average phosphorus removal efficiency was around 65% and this needs to be improved further.
人工湿地（CW）已广泛应用于富营养化控制的营养物质去除，特别是在市政污水处理厂出水的深度处理或水力负荷高、营养浓度低的入湖河流处理中。但在实际应用中，其表现出较低的营养物去除效率。主要原因是传统基质（如土壤和砾石）的氮磷去除能力较低。本研究旨在通过使用一系列基质（包括水化硅酸钙（CSH）、蛭石和陶粒）来增强人工湿地系统的营养物质去除能力，这些基质均在静态实验中单独或在批量和连续流实验中混合进行了研究。结果表明，CSH 的磷去除效率可达 97%，远高于其他基质。然而，当它应用于 CW 时，去除效率下降。虽然蛭石表现出最高的氨氮去除效率 65.91%，但其氨氮去除效率可能取决于微生物的作用。在连续流混合基质 CW 中获得了较高的总氮去除效率。在水力停留时间（HRT）为 18h 和水力负荷率（HLR）为 0.496 m³/m³·d 的条件下，平均总氮去除效率超过 91%，但平均磷去除效率约为 65%，这需要进一步提高。
