Single application treatment of human papillomavirus infection of the cervix and vagina with trichloroacetic acid: a randomized trial.

Treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of the lower genital tract with trichloroacetic acid was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind fashion at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. Thirty-four patients who had colposcopic and histologic evidence of HPV without dysplasia were entered into the study and randomly placed into either a treatment or placebo group. The treatment group received a single topical application of 50% trichloroacetic acid to the vagina and cervix on day 1. The placebo group was treated in the same manner using saline. The patients were evaluated at 4 and 16 weeks post-treatment for cytologic and histologic evidence of HPV. No differences between the treatment and placebo groups were found. Only one of 16 patients in the treatment group and three of 18 in the placebo group were free of HPV infection at the 4- and 16-week evaluations. Our data suggest that treatment of subclinical HPV infection with trichloroacetic acid is ineffective at this concentration.