Coffin C M, Dehner L P
Department of Anatomic and Clinical Pathology, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, Minnesota.
Pediatr Pathol. 1990;10(4):509-26. doi: 10.3109/15513819009067140.
A comprehensive review of soft tissue tumors in children and adolescents disclosed the presence of 190 neoplasms in 183 patients, which were diagnosed in infants between birth and 12 months of age; these infants represented approximately 20% of our entire pediatric soft tissue tumor series. In excess of 75% of cases were pathologically benign with the hemangioendothelioma, lymphangioma, and fibromatosis-myofibromatosis constituting the majority of cases in this category. Fibrous histiocytoma and lipoblastoma were the other two benign entities. Congenital-infantile fibrosarcoma was considered a borderline tumor because of its infrequently manifested potential for metastasis; none of the 13 cases in the present study behaved in a malignant fashion. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor were the two principal types (17 of 27 cases) of malignant soft tissue tumors. In contrast to soft tissue tumors in the first two decades, those in the first year of life were more often benign despite their cellularity and presence of mitotic activity. Fibroblastic-myofibroblastic tumors were more frequent in this young age group, whereas neurogenic and myogenic tumors were relatively more common in children older than 1 year of age. The trunk and head and neck region were the preferred topographic sites rather than the extremities, which was the case in children beyond the first year of life.
一项针对儿童和青少年软组织肿瘤的全面综述显示，183例患者中存在190种肿瘤，这些肿瘤在出生至12个月大的婴儿中被诊断出来；这些婴儿约占我们整个儿科软组织肿瘤系列的20%。超过75%的病例在病理上为良性，其中血管内皮瘤、淋巴管瘤和纤维瘤病-肌纤维瘤病占该类别病例的大多数。纤维组织细胞瘤和脂肪母细胞瘤是另外两种良性肿瘤。先天性婴儿纤维肉瘤被认为是一种临界肿瘤，因为其转移潜能表现不常见；本研究中的13例病例均未表现出恶性行为。胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤和外周原始神经外胚层肿瘤是恶性软组织肿瘤的两种主要类型（27例中的17例）。与生命最初二十年的软组织肿瘤相比，尽管一岁以内婴儿的软组织肿瘤细胞丰富且有丝分裂活跃，但更多为良性。纤维母细胞-肌纤维母细胞性肿瘤在这个年轻年龄组中更为常见，而神经源性和肌源性肿瘤在一岁以上儿童中相对更常见。躯干以及头颈部是较四肢更易发生肿瘤的部位，一岁以上儿童的情况则相反。
