Wilson Janet, Kirshbaum Marilyn
Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
Br J Nurs. 2011;20(9):559-63. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2011.20.9.559.
There were 509090 deaths recorded in England and Wales for 2008 (Office for National Statistics, 2010); of these, over 56% (260000) occurred in NHS hospitals. The death of a patient is an event that most, if not all, nursing staff will encounter during their work. This experience can elicit physical, cognitive, behavioural, spiritual and emotional responses (Parkes, 1998).
The aim of this literature review is to explore how the death of patients in a hospital setting impact on nursing staff.
A review of the literature was undertaken using the online databases CINAHL, Medline and PsychInfo. The search was limited to articles in the English language and those from peer-reviewed journals.
Themes arising from the literature review included: the theoretical context; the emotional impact; the culture of the healthcare setting; staff's previous life experiences; and support available for healthcare staff.
The death of patients does have an impact on nurses. This can affect them both in their work environment and outside of work. Education around grief theory and support from others are helpful for staff in developing strategies for coping with patient deaths.
2008年英格兰和威尔士有509090人死亡（国家统计局，2010年）；其中超过56%（260000人）发生在国民保健服务医院。患者死亡是大多数（即便不是所有）护理人员在工作中都会遇到的事件。这种经历会引发身体、认知、行为、精神和情感反应（帕克斯，1998年）。
本综述的目的是探讨医院环境中患者死亡对护理人员的影响。
使用在线数据库CINAHL、Medline和PsychInfo进行文献综述。搜索仅限于英文文章和同行评审期刊上的文章。
文献综述中出现的主题包括：理论背景；情感影响；医疗环境文化；工作人员以前的生活经历；以及为医护人员提供的支持。
患者死亡确实会对护士产生影响。这可能在他们的工作环境和工作之外都会影响到他们。围绕悲伤理论的教育以及他人的支持有助于工作人员制定应对患者死亡的策略。
