Department of Urology and Centro de Distúrbios Miccionais na Infância, Bahiana School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, 275 Avenue Dom João VI, Brotas CEP 40285,000, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Nat Rev Urol. 2011 Jun 7;8(7):402-7. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2011.68.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a urological condition that is frequently observed in children and requires treatment. Standard urotherapy is usually the first line of treatment; however, children with severe OAB do not respond to this therapy. Antimuscarinic drugs may be used, but complete resolution of symptoms with this medication is low. Studies, including two randomized clinical trials, have demonstrated that electrical nerve stimulation (ENS) can be used successfully for OAB in children. Electrodes have been placed in the genitals, anus, and intravesical area, and on the tibial posterior nerve, as well as used transcutaneously or implanted during a surgical procedure. This Review will discuss the use of ENS in children with OAB, with particular focus on the putative mechanisms of action, the different ENS techniques available, and clinical results for this therapy.
膀胱过度活动症（OAB）是一种常见于儿童的泌尿科疾病，需要治疗。标准的尿路疗法通常是一线治疗方法；然而，严重的 OAB 患儿对这种治疗方法没有反应。抗毒蕈碱药物可能会被使用，但这种药物完全缓解症状的效果较低。包括两项随机临床试验在内的研究表明，电神经刺激（ENS）可成功用于治疗儿童的 OAB。电极已被放置在生殖器、肛门和膀胱内区域，以及在胫后神经上，并且可以经皮使用或在手术过程中植入。这篇综述将讨论 ENS 在 OAB 儿童中的应用，特别关注其作用机制、不同的 ENS 技术以及这种治疗方法的临床效果。
