An ITS phylogeny of Balsamorhiza and Wyethia (Asteraceae: Heliantheae).

The relationships among the species of Balsamorhiza and Wyethia (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) were examined using data from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. The ITS sequences were obtained from nine species of Balsamorhiza and 14 species of Wyethia as well as seven outgroup genera. Five of the outgroup genera were members of the subtribe Engelmanniinae of the tribe Heliantheae, the subtribe that includes Balsamorhiza and Wyethia. The resulting trees show that Balsamorhiza and Wyethia together form a monophyletic group. Balsamorhiza alone is monophyletic, but neither of its two sections is monophyletic. Wyethia is paraphyletic. One group of Wyethia species, including all members of sections Alarconia and Wyethia as well as W. bolanderi from section Agnorhiza, is monophyletic and sister to Balsamorhiza. The other species of Wyethia (all placed in section Agnorhiza) are part of a polytomy along with the clade composed of Balsamorhiza plus the rest of Wyethia.