Gentile Ángela, Bakir Julia, Firpo Verónica, Caruso Martín, Lución María F, Abate Héctor J, Chiossone Ana, Debbag Roberto
Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires.
Arch Argent Pediatr. 2011 Jun;109(3):219-25. doi: 10.1590/S0325-00752011000300006.
Delayed vaccine schedule (DVS) and missed opportunities of vaccination (MOV) are some of the main causes of low coverage in children ≤24 month in Argentina.
To determine the prevalence of DVS and the rate of MOV during the frst 24 months of life and risk factors for their occurrence.
We conducted a survey among children ≤24 month's caregivers at five hospitals in different departments, between August-December/2008.
Total enrolled: 1591 children; 54.2% male, median of age 8 months (0-24 months). Eighty percent concurred with vaccine-card, 75.9% consulted by pathology. Overall DVS rate: 39.7%. Most common DVS reason: the current mild disease: 38.5%. Overall MOV rate: 19.8%. Most common MOV reason: no detection of the need to vaccinate 47.8%. DTPHib and OPV vaccines had a higher risk of DVS and MOV. DVS independent predictors: age ≥6 months, administration for additionally recommended vaccines and prolonged waiting in the last vaccination. MOV independent predictors were: age ≥6 months, no compliance with prior care, and not asking for vaccines.
We found a high proportion of MOV and mainly of DVS; they were associated mostly to false contraindications, lack of questioning on vaccines and difficulties in the quality of care provided to parents.
延迟疫苗接种计划（DVS）和疫苗接种错失机会（MOV）是阿根廷24个月及以下儿童疫苗接种覆盖率低的一些主要原因。
确定生命最初24个月内DVS的患病率、MOV发生率及其发生的危险因素。
2008年8月至12月期间，我们在不同科室的五家医院对24个月及以下儿童的看护者进行了一项调查。
共纳入1591名儿童；54.2%为男性，年龄中位数为8个月（0 - 24个月）。80%的人认可疫苗接种卡，75.9%的人因病情咨询过。总体DVS率为39.7%。最常见的DVS原因：当前患有轻症疾病，占38.5%。总体MOV率为19.8%。最常见的MOV原因：未察觉到需要接种疫苗，占47.8%。白喉破伤风百日咳流感嗜血杆菌联合疫苗（DTPHib）和口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）出现DVS和MOV的风险较高。DVS的独立预测因素：年龄≥6个月、接种额外推荐疫苗、上次接种时等待时间过长。MOV的独立预测因素为：年龄≥6个月、未遵循之前的医嘱、未主动要求接种疫苗。
我们发现MOV比例较高，主要是DVS比例较高；它们大多与错误的禁忌证、未询问疫苗情况以及向家长提供的护理质量方面的困难有关。
