Yang Xiushi
Sociology and Criminal Justice, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
AIDS Care. 2011 Jun;23 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):75-82. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2010.525620.
Female entertainment workers in China are at risk of sexually acquiring HIV, but risk factors of their unsafe sex remain understudied. Using information from a venue-based sample of 724 female entertainment workers in Shanghai, this paper examines the prevalence and risk factors of unsafe sex and STIs. While both measures of unsafe sex and history of common STIs suggest that participants in this study appear to have lower rates of unsafe sex and STIs than reported in the literature, venue-based female entertainment workers are at risk of sexually acquiring HIV. Risk factors of unsafe sex include both individual cognitive (information, motivation, and behavioral skills) and social factors. However, HIV-related information and most social factors are not directly and independently associated with unsafe sex. Behavioral intervention is needed for female entertainment workers in China. However, individual-based cognitive approach alone may be limited in effectiveness in reducing unsafe sex among female entertainment workers. Effective intervention needs to take a multi-level approach that addresses both individual cognitive and social risk factors and can particularly benefit from attention to empowering women in sexual relationships and creating a supportive social and working environment.
中国女性娱乐工作者面临通过性行为感染艾滋病毒的风险,但其不安全性行为的风险因素仍未得到充分研究。本文利用来自上海724名女性娱乐工作者的场所抽样信息,研究了不安全性行为和性传播感染的患病率及风险因素。虽然不安全性行为的衡量指标和常见性传播感染病史均表明,本研究中的参与者的不安全性行为和性传播感染率似乎低于文献报道,但场所女性娱乐工作者仍面临通过性行为感染艾滋病毒的风险。不安全性行为的风险因素包括个体认知(信息、动机和行为技能)和社会因素。然而,与艾滋病毒相关的信息以及大多数社会因素与不安全性行为并无直接且独立的关联。中国的女性娱乐工作者需要进行行为干预。然而,仅基于个体的认知方法在减少女性娱乐工作者的不安全性行为方面可能效果有限。有效的干预需要采取多层次方法,既要解决个体认知风险因素,也要解决社会风险因素,尤其需要关注增强女性在性关系中的权能,并营造支持性的社会和工作环境,这样才能取得良好效果。