Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
Theriogenology. 2011 Sep 15;76(5):810-8. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.04.013. Epub 2011 Jun 12.
The use of transabdominal ultrasonography to assess the oestrous cycle has not been previously described in the African lion (Panthera leo). Twelve sexually mature lionesses and five female cubs had their reproductive organs assessed by transabdominal ultrasound. Ovarian findings were compared to laparoscopic findings while performing laparoscopic ovariectomy or salpingectomy. Vaginal cytology was performed and serum progesterone levels were determined. By combining all data the oestrous cycle stage of each lion was determined. One lion was far pregnant and was not operated on. In adults a uterine body could be seen ultrasonographically in 67% of lions while mural structures could be distinguished in 44% of lions. Five uterine horns could be seen in 3 lions. In 12 adults 10 ovaries were found of which eight had discernable follicles or luteal structures. During laparoscopy 12 active ovaries were seen with luteal structures seen in 11 ovaries and follicles in 2 ovaries. Using laparoscopy as the gold standard, ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 66% and specificity of 83% to detect ovarian reproductive activity. Two uterine cysts and a cluster of periovarian cysts were seen in three different lions. Three lions were pregnant, two were in oestrus, three in a luteal phase (dioestrus), and four were in anoestrus. Transabdominal ultrasound in combination with serum progesterone levels and vaginal cytology can be used to assess ovarian cyclical activity with reasonable accuracy in captive bred lions.
经腹超声检查在非洲狮（ Panthera leo ）中尚未被描述用于评估发情周期。十二只性成熟的雌狮和五只雌狮幼崽通过经腹超声检查评估其生殖器官。腹腔镜卵巢切除术或输卵管切除术时，将卵巢检查结果与腹腔镜检查结果进行比较。进行阴道细胞学检查并测定血清孕激素水平。将所有数据结合起来，确定每头狮子的发情周期阶段。一头狮子怀孕了，不能进行手术。在成年狮子中，67%的狮子可以在超声下看到子宫体，而 44%的狮子可以区分子宫壁结构。3 头狮子可以看到 5 个子宫角。在 12 只成年狮子中，发现 10 个卵巢，其中 8 个有可识别的卵泡或黄体结构。在腹腔镜检查中，可见 12 个活跃的卵巢，其中 11 个卵巢有黄体结构，2 个卵巢有卵泡。以腹腔镜检查为金标准，超声检查对检测卵巢生殖活动的敏感性为 66%，特异性为 83%。在 3 只不同的狮子中观察到 2 个子宫囊肿和 1 个卵巢周围囊肿群。3 只狮子怀孕，2 只处于发情期，3 只处于黄体期（间情期），4 只处于乏情期。经腹超声检查结合血清孕激素水平和阴道细胞学检查可用于评估圈养繁殖的狮子的卵巢周期性活动，具有合理的准确性。
