Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200F-P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Aug 14;13(30):13565-71. doi: 10.1039/c1cp20552h. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
The growth of gold nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by sputter deposition on an ionic liquid surface is studied in situ in the bulk phase of the ionic liquids (ILs) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide [C(1)C(4)Im][N(CN)(2)], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide [C(1)C(4)Im][Tf(2)N], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [C(1)C(4)Im][BF(4)], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C(1)C(4)Im][PF(6)] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate [C(1)C(4)Im][TfO]. It is found that primary nanoparticles with a diameter smaller than 2.5 nm are present in the sample immediately after sputtering. Growth of these primary particles proceeds after the end of the sputtering process and stops when the nanoparticles reach a certain size. Depending on the viscosity of the ionic liquid this growth process can proceed several hours to several days. The growth speed is fastest for the least viscous ionic liquid and follows the trend [C(1)C(4)Im][N(CN)(2)] > [C(1)C(4)Im][Tf(2)N] > [C(1)C(4)Im][TfO] > [C(1)C(4)Im][BF(4)] > [C(1)C(4)Im][PF(6)]. It is also found that a higher concentration of sputtered gold results in faster growth of the gold nanoparticles. A discussion on the growth mechanism of sputtered gold NPs is included.
在离子液体（ILs）1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺 [C(1)C(4)Im][N(CN)(2)]、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双（三氟甲烷磺酰）酰胺 [C(1)C(4)Im][Tf(2)N]、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐 [C(1)C(4)Im][BF(4)]、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐 [C(1)C(4)Im][PF(6)]和 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氟甲磺酸酯 [C(1)C(4)Im][TfO]的本体相中，原位研究了溅射沉积在离子液体表面上合成的金纳米颗粒（NPs）的生长。结果发现，溅射后立即存在直径小于 2.5nm 的初级纳米颗粒。这些初级颗粒的生长在溅射过程结束后进行，并在纳米颗粒达到一定尺寸时停止。取决于离子液体的粘度，这个生长过程可以进行几个小时到几天。对于粘度最小的离子液体，生长速度最快，遵循以下趋势 [C(1)C(4)Im][N(CN)(2)] > [C(1)C(4)Im][Tf(2)N] > [C(1)C(4)Im][TfO] > [C(1)C(4)Im][BF(4)] > [C(1)C(4)Im][PF(6)]。还发现，溅射金的浓度越高，金纳米颗粒的生长速度越快。讨论了溅射金 NPs 的生长机制。
