Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Int Orthop. 2012 Feb;36(2):353-7. doi: 10.1007/s00264-011-1292-9. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
Approximately 5% of patients with spinal tuberculosis will develop a severe kyphotic deformity resulting in increased potential for pain, spinal cord compression, cardiopulmonary dysfunction, costopelvic impingement and cosmetic concerns. This manuscript reviews the evaluation and surgical management of tuberculous kyphosis.
This is a review article.
Risk factors for the development of severe kyphosis include those who develop spinal tuberculosis as children, multiple vertebral body involvement and thoracic spine involvement. These complications can be prevented by early diagnosis and treatment of spinal tubercular lesions at stages with little to no deformity. When tubercular lesions result in progression of kyphosis to more than 50 degrees, the deformity should be surgically corrected to avoid problems associated with sagittal imbalance. There are several operations described for the treatment of kyphosis secondary to tuberculous spondylitis. The type of the operation depends on the magnitude of correction required.
Anterior, posterior and combined techniques as well as osteotomies and vertebral column resection have been described to correct spinal alignment and restore sagittal balance.
约 5%的脊柱结核患者会出现严重的后凸畸形，从而增加疼痛、脊髓压迫、心肺功能障碍、胸廓出口综合征和美容问题的风险。本文回顾了结核性后凸畸形的评估和手术治疗方法。
这是一篇综述文章。
发生严重后凸畸形的危险因素包括儿童时期发生脊柱结核、多节段椎体受累和胸段脊柱受累。通过早期诊断和治疗无明显畸形的脊柱结核病变，可以预防这些并发症。当结核病变导致后凸畸形超过 50 度时，应进行手术矫正以避免矢状面失衡相关问题。有几种手术方法可用于治疗结核性脊柱炎引起的后凸畸形。手术类型取决于所需的矫正程度。
已经描述了前路、后路和联合技术以及截骨术和脊柱切除术，以矫正脊柱排列并恢复矢状面平衡。
