Ter Arkh. 2011;83(3):18-23.
To study epidemiology and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in environmental and climatic conditions of a large industrial center of the Middle Volga Region (the city of Samara).
The questionnaire survey was made in 2063 participants (903 males and 1160 females, the response rate 73.68%) divided into four age groups: 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60 years and older. The epidemiological study employed the standard questionnaire based of European coal and Steel Association questionnaire (1993). All the patients with identified respiratory problems were examined clinically and functionally to verify COPD diagnosis.
High COPD rate was detected in Samara--14.49% of 2063 males and females examined (18.72% in males and 11.21% in females, p < 0.001). Leading COPD risk factors include old age, male gender, tobacco smoking, prior respiratory infections, chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract, polluted environment, unmarried status, low education, alcoholism.
Prevalence of COPD in population of Samara is close to that in other large industrial centers of Russia but lower than in larger cities of Europe and in populations of industrial workers. It depends on the age and has special characteristics in males and females.
研究伏尔加河中游地区大型工业中心（萨马拉市）的环境和气候条件下慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的流行病学及风险。
对2063名参与者（903名男性和1160名女性，应答率73.68%）进行问卷调查，这些参与者分为四个年龄组：30 - 39岁、40 - 49岁、50 - 59岁、60岁及以上。流行病学研究采用基于欧洲煤钢协会问卷（1993年）的标准问卷。对所有确诊有呼吸问题的患者进行临床和功能检查以核实COPD诊断。
在萨马拉检测到较高的COPD发病率——在接受检查的2063名男性和女性中为14.49%（男性为18.72%，女性为11.21%，p < 0.001）。主要的COPD风险因素包括老年、男性性别、吸烟、既往呼吸道感染、上呼吸道慢性疾病、环境污染、未婚状况、低教育水平、酗酒。
萨马拉市人群中COPD的患病率与俄罗斯其他大型工业中心相近，但低于欧洲大城市及产业工人人群。它取决于年龄，在男性和女性中具有特殊特征。
