[空气污染对北京成年人呼吸道症状发生的长期影响]
[Long-term effects of air pollution on the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in adults of Beijing].
作者信息
Wang Xin, Deng Fu-rong, Lv Hai-bo, Wu Shao-wei, Guo Xin-biao
机构信息
Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China.
出版信息
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2011 Jun 18;43(3):356-9.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the long-term effects of air pollution on prevalence of respiratory symptoms in adults, in Beijing.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area and a suburban area with different levels of air pollution in October 2008, in Beijing. Respiratory symptoms were investigated by a standard questionnaire from the American Thoracic Society (ATS-DLD-78-A) in 9 052 adults who had lived there for at least two years. The concentrations of air pollutants for recent five years were obtained from Reports on the Quality of the Beijing Environment, Environmental Protection Bureau and Statistics Yearbook. The differences of the prevalence and standardized prevalence of respiratory symptoms in adults between the urban and suburban areas were analyzed by χ(2) test.
RESULTS
The standardized prevalences of persistent phlegm and asthma in urban adults were significantly higher than those in suburban adults [(3.06% vs. 2.43%, P<0.05) and (0.65% vs. 0.31%, P<0.01), respectively], but lower than that of the breathless (0.75% vs. 1.12%, P<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The study suggested that ambient air pollution had long-term effects on the prevalence of some respiratory symptoms in adults.
目的
调查空气污染对北京成年人呼吸道症状患病率的长期影响。
方法
2008年10月在北京一个空气污染程度不同的市区和郊区开展了一项横断面研究。采用美国胸科学会（ATS-DLD-78-A）的标准问卷，对9052名在当地居住至少两年的成年人进行呼吸道症状调查。最近五年的空气污染物浓度数据来自北京市环境保护局的《北京环境质量报告》和《统计年鉴》。采用χ(2)检验分析城乡成年人呼吸道症状患病率及标准化患病率的差异。
结果
城区成年人持续性咳痰和哮喘的标准化患病率显著高于郊区成年人[分别为(3.06%对2.43%，P<0.05)和(0.65%对0.31%，P<0.01)]，但低于气促的标准化患病率(0.75%对1.12%，P<0.05)。
结论
该研究表明，环境空气污染对成年人某些呼吸道症状的患病率有长期影响。
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