Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop A-39, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA,
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2011 Aug;13(4):387-98. doi: 10.1007/s11908-011-0194-8.
In 1976, the emergence of a new swine-origin influenza virus prompted concerns about an impending influenza pandemic. Although the outbreak never materialized, the epidemiological link between Guillain-Barre syndrome, a potentially severe peripheral nerve disorder, and the influenza vaccines developed against this virus caught public health officials, clinicians, and the public by surprise. Subsequently, a great deal of scrutiny has been placed on the possible risk of other formulations of influenza vaccine causing this adverse event. Several epidemiologic and biological assessments have been performed in subsequent years to assess this risk, yet considerable uncertainty remains among health care providers about the possible association. The development and rapid implementation of vaccines against the pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) influenza virus once again highlighted this issue. This article reviews the evidence for and against the association of the 1976 influenza vaccines and subsequent seasonal influenza vaccines with the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
1976 年，一种新型猪源流感病毒的出现引发了人们对即将到来的流感大流行的担忧。尽管疫情并未发生，但在这种病毒的基础上开发的流感疫苗与吉兰-巴雷综合征（一种潜在的严重周围神经疾病）之间存在流行病学联系，这让公共卫生官员、临床医生和公众感到意外。此后，人们对其他类型的流感疫苗是否会导致这种不良事件的可能性进行了大量审查。随后几年进行了几项流行病学和生物学评估，以评估这种风险，但卫生保健提供者对这种可能的关联仍存在相当大的不确定性。针对 2009 年甲型 H1N1 大流行流感病毒的疫苗的开发和快速实施再次突出了这一问题。本文回顾了 1976 年流感疫苗和随后的季节性流感疫苗与吉兰-巴雷综合征发展之间关联的证据。
