Kognio, Centre for CBT, Annedalsvägen 9, 227 64 Lund, Sweden.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2011 Dec;42(4):497-503. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 May 31.
According to cognitive models, negatively biased processing of the publicly observable self is an important aspect of social phobia; if this is true, effective methods for producing corrective feedback concerning the public self should be strived for. Video feedback is proven effective, but since one's voice represents another aspect of the self, audio feedback should produce equivalent results. This is the first study to assess the enhancement of audio feedback by cognitive preparation in a single-session randomized controlled experiment.
Forty socially anxious participants were asked to give a speech, then to listen to and evaluate a taped recording of their performance. Half of the sample was given cognitive preparation prior to the audio feedback and the remainder received audio feedback only. Cognitive preparation involved asking participants to (1) predict in detail what they would hear on the audiotape, (2) form an image of themselves giving the speech and (3) listen to the audio recording as though they were listening to a stranger. To assess generalization effects all participants were asked to give a second speech.
Audio feedback with cognitive preparation was shown to produce less negative ratings after the first speech, and effects generalized to the evaluation of the second speech. More positive speech evaluations were associated with corresponding reductions of state anxiety. Social anxiety as indexed by the Implicit Association Test was reduced in participants given cognitive preparation.
Small sample size; analogue study.
Audio feedback with cognitive preparation may be utilized as a treatment intervention for social phobia.
根据认知模型，对公众可观察到的自我进行消极偏见处理是社交恐惧症的一个重要方面；如果这是真的，那么应该努力寻找针对公众自我的纠正反馈的有效方法。视频反馈已被证明是有效的，但由于声音代表了自我的另一个方面，音频反馈也应该产生等效的结果。这是第一项在单次随机对照实验中评估认知准备对音频反馈增强作用的研究。
要求 40 名社交焦虑的参与者进行演讲，然后听取并评估他们的演讲录音。样本的一半在接受音频反馈之前接受认知准备，其余的只接受音频反馈。认知准备包括要求参与者（1）详细预测他们在录音带上会听到什么，（2）形成自己演讲的形象，以及（3）像听陌生人的录音一样听录音。为了评估泛化效果，所有参与者都被要求进行第二次演讲。
与仅接受音频反馈的参与者相比，接受认知准备和音频反馈的参与者在第一次演讲后对自己的演讲评价更为积极，且效果泛化到第二次演讲的评价。更积极的演讲评价与状态焦虑的相应降低相关。接受认知准备的参与者的内隐联想测试（Implicit Association Test）中社交焦虑指标有所降低。
样本量小；模拟研究。
认知准备和音频反馈可能被用作社交恐惧症的治疗干预措施。
