Shan Xuzheng, Yang Tubao
School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2011 May;36(5):448-52. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7347.2011.05.013.
To describe the attitude of elementary and middle school students and their parents toward children affected by HIV/AIDS and to analyze the determinants of such attitude.
A cross-sectional study with the stratified cluster sampling method was conducted to interview elementary and middle school students and their parents, and questionnaires were distributed to collect information about the basic characteristics, HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude toward children affected by HIV/AIDS. Student's t-test, ANOVA and multilevel model were used to analyze the data.
A total of 732 students and their parents finished the questionnaires. The students' and parents' awareness rates were 77.56% (95% CI: 63.08% - 92.05%)and 81.76% (95% CI: 72.33% - 91.20%), respectively. Questions with the lowest proportion of positive attitude included separating the children affected by HIV/AIDS and not studying with those children in the same class. Gender (b =-1.15, P =0.016) and knowledge (b =1.26, P <0.001) of students, as well as attitude (b =0.40, P <0.001) of parents were associated with the students' attitude, while parents' knowledge (b =0.93, P <0.001) was associated with parents' attitude.
Discrimination towards children affected by HIV/AIDS exists among students and their parents. HIV/AIDS knowledge education helps to improve the students' and parents' caring and supporting attitude toward children affected by HIV/AIDS.
描述中小学生及其家长对感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病儿童的态度，并分析这种态度的决定因素。
采用分层整群抽样方法进行横断面研究，对中小学生及其家长进行访谈，并发放问卷收集有关基本特征、艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识以及对感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病儿童态度的信息。使用学生t检验、方差分析和多水平模型对数据进行分析。
共有732名学生及其家长完成了问卷。学生和家长的知晓率分别为77.56%（95%可信区间：63.08% - 92.05%）和81.76%（95%可信区间：72.33% - 91.20%）。持积极态度比例最低的问题包括将感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的儿童分开以及不与这些儿童在同一个班级学习。学生的性别（b = -1.15，P = 0.016）和知识（b = 1.26，P < 0.001），以及家长的态度（b = 0.40，P < 0.001）与学生的态度相关，而家长的知识（b = 0.93，P < 0.001）与家长的态度相关。
学生及其家长中存在对感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病儿童的歧视。艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识教育有助于提高学生和家长对感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病儿童的关爱和支持态度。
