Santin Ana Paula, Furlanetto Tania Weber
Postgraduation Program in Medicine and Medical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Thyroid Res. 2011;2011:875125. doi: 10.4061/2011/875125. Epub 2011 May 4.
Thyroid diseases are more prevalent in women, particularly between puberty and menopause. It is wellknown that estrogen (E) has indirect effects on the thyroid economy. Direct effects of this steroid hormone on thyroid cells have been described more recently; so, the aim of the present paper was to review the evidences of these effects on thyroid function and growth regulation, and its mechanisms. The expression and ratios of the two E receptors, α and β, that mediate the genomic effects of E on normal and abnormal thyroid tissue were also reviewed, as well as nongenomic, distinct molecular pathways. Several evidences support the hypothesis that E has a direct role in thyroid follicular cells; understanding its influence on the growth and function of the thyroid in normal and abnormal conditions can potentially provide new targets for the treatment of thyroid diseases.
甲状腺疾病在女性中更为常见，尤其是在青春期和更年期之间。众所周知，雌激素（E）对甲状腺功能有间接影响。最近已经描述了这种类固醇激素对甲状腺细胞的直接作用；因此，本文的目的是综述这些作用对甲状腺功能和生长调节及其机制的证据。还综述了介导E对正常和异常甲状腺组织基因组效应的两种E受体α和β的表达及比例，以及非基因组的、独特的分子途径。有若干证据支持E在甲状腺滤泡细胞中具有直接作用这一假说；了解其在正常和异常情况下对甲状腺生长和功能的影响可能为甲状腺疾病的治疗提供新的靶点。
